Table 1. Comparison of baseline, clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic characteristics between the groups.
| Variables | Total patient group (n=274) |
Non-remodeling group (n=207) |
Remodeling group (n=67) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline and clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 55.3±12.5 | 55.3±12.9 | 55.2±11.9 | 0.919 |
| Gender (female) | 51 (18.6) | 42 (20.3) | 9 (13.4) | 0.141 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2±4.1 | 26.9±3.7 | 28.0±5.1 | 0.050 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 129.2±27.2 | 130.5±27.8 | 125.3±25.0 | 0.180 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 80.4±16.9 | 80.4±17.2 | 80.2±16.2 | 0.938 |
| Heart rate (beat/min) | 86.0±16.1 | 85.7±16.5 | 86.9±14.8 | 0.584 |
| Hypertension | 108 (39.4) | 72 (34.8) | 36 (53.7) | 0.005 |
| Diabetes | 71 (25.9) | 43 (20.8) | 28 (41.8) | 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 42 (15.3) | 33 (15.9) | 9 (13.4) | 0.390 |
| Smoking | 186 (67.9) | 141 (68.1) | 45 (67.2) | 0.498 |
| Family history | 82 (30) | 57 (27.5) | 25 (37.3) | 0.087 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 6 (2.3) | 4 (1.9) | 2 (3) | 0.454 |
| Pre-infraction angina | 101 (36.8) | 75 (36.2) | 26 (38.8) | 0.405 |
| Killip class 2-4 | 33 (12) | 24 (11.6) | 9 (13.4) | 0.416 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 148.7±75.3 | 148.6±70.8 | 149.2±88.1 | 0.948 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 201.9±45.4 | 199.8±45.4 | 206.2±45.6 | 0.254 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 138.8±72.8 | 133.7±77.9 | 154.7±41.8 | 0.040 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 39.9±10.7 | 39.3±10.3 | 41.6±12.0 | 0.133 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 133.8±38.1 | 133.8±38.2 | 133.7±38.0 | 0.974 |
| Peak CK-MB (ng/mL) | 161.9±112.7 | 148.1±108.0 | 204.6±116.7 | <0.001 |
| Creatinin (mg/dL) | 0.8±0.2 | 0.87±0.2 | 0.86±0.19 | 0.586 |
| eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2) | 110.8±40.7 | 109.9±40.3 | 113.8±42.1 | 0.498 |
| Initial NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 293.6±293.9 | 291.1±295.6 | 296.0±292.3 | 0.907 |
| 24 hour NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 783.9±962.7 | 322.7±320.1 | 1245.1±1605.3 | <0.001 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.1±1.1 | 5.0±1.1 | 5.6±1.2 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.5±1.6 | 14.4±1.6 | 14.9±1.7 | 0.033 |
| WBC (X1000/µL) | 13.2±4.4 | 13.1±4.3 | 13.6±4.5 | 0.397 |
| Neutrophil (X1000/µL) | 9.1±3.3 | 8.6±3.3 | 10.8±3.2 | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte (X1000/µL) | 2.5±1.2 | 2.8±1.3 | 1.8±0.7 | <0.001 |
| Monocyte ( X1000/µL) | 0.8±0.4 | 0.9±0.4 | 0.8±0.4 | 0.285 |
| MLR | 0.43±0.25 | 0.37±0.23 | 0.50±0.27 | <0.001 |
| MNR | 14.8±9.2 | 11.3±7.2 | 18.6±11.3 | 0.001 |
| NLR | 5.1±2.4 | 3.6±1.9 | 6.7±3.0 | <0.001 |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LVESV (mL) | 62.6±19.9 | 62.8±15.8 | 68.5±24.1 | 0.028 |
| Control LVESV (mL) | 72.1±28.4 | 53.9±18.6 | 90.3±38.2 | <0.001 |
| LVEDV (mL) | 113.9±23.4 | 113.9±20.8 | 114.0±26.0 | 0.993 |
| Control LVEDV (mL) | 128.1±30 | 106.8±21.9 | 149.5±38.1 | <0.001 |
| EF (%) | 42.4±6.8 | 44.4±6.5 | 40.4±7.9 | <0.001 |
| Control EF (%) | 44.5±9.6 | 50.2±8.9 | 38.9±10.3 | <0.001 |
| Wall motion score index | 1.4±0.25 | 1.3±0.2 | 1.5±0.3 | <0.001 |
| Previous medications | ||||
| ACEI | 82 (30) | 66 (31.9) | 16 (23.9) | 0.137 |
| ARB use | 11 (0.4) | 6 (2.9) | 5 (7.5) | 0.102 |
| Beta blocker | 20 (7.2) | 13 (6.3) | 7 (10.4) | 0.189 |
| Calcium canal blocker | 10 (3.6) | 7 (3.4) | 3 (4.5) | 0.459 |
| Statin | 34 (12) | 28 (13.5) | 6 (9) | 0.223 |
| OAD use | 63 (23) | 40 (19.3) | 23 (34.3) | 0.010 |
| PPAR gamma agonist | 8 (2.9) | 5 (2.4) | 3 (4.5) | 0.307 |
| Others | 55 (20) | 35 (16.9) | 20 (29.9) | 0.019 |
Data are expressed as mean±standard deviation or n (%). BMI: body mass index, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol, CK-MB: creatine kinase-MB, eGFR: estimated glemerular filtration rate, NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, WBC: white blood cell, MLR: monocyte to lymphocyte ratio, MNR: monocyte to neutrophil ratio, NLR: neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, LVESV: left ventricular end systolic volume, LVEDV: left ventricular end diastolic volume, EF: ejection fraction, ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker, OAD: oral anti diabetic, PPAR: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor