Table 2.
Effects of intervention on dietary intake of indicator foods at T2 and T3
| T2 | T3 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Servingsa the previous weekday | n | b | p | 95 % CI | Between school class variance σ2u (s.e.) | n | b | p | 95 % CI | Between school class variance σ2u (s.e.) |
| Separate variables | ||||||||||
| Fruit juice | 190 | −0.24 | 0.16 | −0.09 to 0.56 | 0.19 (0.23) | 154 | −0.09 | 0.70 | −0.53 to 0.36 | 0.00 (0.00) |
| Soft drink/sugar syrup | 162 | −0.28 | 0.25 | −0.76 to 0.19 | 0.00 (0.00) | 126 | 0.02 | 0.95 | −0.64 to 0.68 | 0.00 (0.00) |
| Flavoured milk | 161 | −0.47 | 0.15 | −1.11 to 0.16 | 0.00 (0.00) | 131 | −0.04 | 0.92 | −0.76 to 0.68 | 0.00 (0.00) |
| Vegetables | 226 | 0.15 | 0.22 | −0.09 to 0.38 | 0.00 (0.00) | 196 | 0.02 | 0.85 | −0.22 to 0.27 | 0.00 (0.00) |
| Snacks | 195 | −0.57 | 0.08 | −1.19 to 0.06 | 0.00 (0.00) | 162 | −0.46 | 0.19 | −1.16 to 0.24 | 1.35 (0.49) |
| Fruits | 241 | −0.15 | 0.13 | −0.35 to 0.04 | 0.00 (0.00) | 206 | 0.03 | 0.76 | −0.18 to 0.25 | 0.00 (0.00) |
| Sweets/chocolate | 210 | −0.38 | 0.10 | −0.82 to 0.07 | 0.00 (0.00) | 173 | −0.26 | 0.29 | −0.73 to 0.21 | 0.00 (0.00) |
| Cakes/buns/cookies | 212 | 0.00 | 1.00 | −0.51 to 0.51 | 0.00 (0.00) | 179 | −0.33 | 0.12 | −0.74 to 0.89 | 0.00 (0.00) |
| Girlsb | 104 | −0.04 | 0.88 | −0.55 to 0.47 | 0.00 (0.00) | |||||
| Boysb | 108 | −0.95 | 0.003 | −1.58 to -0.32 | 0.00 (0.00) | |||||
| Ice-cream | 222 | −0.22 | 0.22 | −0.57 to 0.13 | 0.00 (0.00) | 186 | −0.22 | 0.30 | −0.65 to 0.20 | 0.00 (0.00) |
| Aggregated variablesc | ||||||||||
| Unhealthy food | 230 | −0.32 | 0.01 | −0.56 to -0.07 | 0.19 (0.07) | 198 | −0.15 | 0.42 | −0.51 to 0.22 | 0.95 (0.16) |
| Girlsb | 101 | 0.19 | 0.43 | −0.28 to 0.67 | 0.79 (0.19) | |||||
| Boysb | 97 | −0.50 | 0.03 | −0.94 to -0.06 | 0.37 (0.14) | |||||
| Unhealthy drink | 214 | −0.51 | 0.01 | −0.90 to -0.11 | 0.26 (0.16) | 182 | 0.05 | 0.83 | −0.39 to 0.49 | 0.19 (0.20) |
| Healthy food | 248 | −0.02 | 0.79 | −0.16 to 0.12 | 0.00 (0.00) | 217 | −0.03 | 0.68 | −0.18 to 0.12 | 0.00 (0.00) |
Results of Mixed Poisson Regression adjusted for sex, parental education and baseline value
b = Regression coefficient (beta), p = between intervention and control groups, CI = 95 % confidence interval
aServing sizes (examples below)
Drinks = 1.5 dl
Vegetables = 2 dl grated carrots/cabbage or a big tomato or 2-3 broccoli stalks
Fruits = a small apple or a bunch of grapes (about 10)
Snacks = 1.5 dl of crisps or cheese doodles
Sweets = about 1.5 dl of sweets or 4 pieces from a chocolate bar
Cakes = a small bun or 5 small biscuits
Ice-cream = a small popsicle stick or 1 dl ice-cream
bStratified analysis due to interaction effect (group × sex)
cAggregated variables: unhealthy foods (snacks, sweets/chocolate, ice-cream, cakes/buns/cookies), healthy foods (fruit and vegetables) and unhealthy drinks (soft drink, flavoured milk and fruit juice above one serving)
Subjects are dependent observations between T1 and T2 and between T1 and T3