Table 1.
Baseline and clinical characteristics
| Controls (n = 61) | Patients | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 h (n = 80) | 48 h (n = 85) | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age ≥ 50 years, n (%) | 52 (85) | 75 (94) | 73 (86) |
| Gender, (M/F) | 26/35 | 33/47 | 49/36 |
| Race caucasian, n (%) | 61 (100) | 80 (100) | 82 (96) |
| Risk factors, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 15 (24) | 60 (75)***, # | 60 (70)** |
| Diabetes | 3 (5) | 11 (14) | 29 (34)***, ## |
| Dyslipidemia | 12 (20) | 43 (54)*** | 39 (46) |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 2 (3) | 24 (30)*** | 19 (22) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2 (3) | 30 (37)*** | 15 (18)* |
| Smoking history | 22 (37) | 21 (26) | 44 (57) |
| Recent Infections | 2 (3) | – | 1 (1) |
| CRP ≥ 3 mg/l | – | 5 (6) | 16 (19) |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| TOAST classification, n (%) | |||
| Cardioembolism | 24 (30) | 23 (27) | |
| Atherosclerosis | 21 (26) | 33 (39) | |
| Small vessel occlusion | 11 (14) | 6 (7) | |
| Undetermined etiology | 24 (30) | 22 (25) | |
| Other determined etiology | – | 2 (2) | |
| NIHSS, median (IQR) | 5 (2–11) | 5 (2–11) | |
| Severe (>14), n (%) | 12 (16) | 14 (17) | |
| 3-month mRS, median (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 1 (0–3) | |
| mRS (>2), n (%) | 33 (41) | 36 (42) | |
| Mortality | 10 (12) | 2 (3) | |
Categorical variables are presented as number of patients with/without percentages in parentheses; continuous variables as median with interquartile range (IQR). Age was dichotomized using 50 years as cut-off (based on the minimum quartile in control group)
TOAST Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, 3-month mRS 3-month modified Rankin Scale, CRP C-reactive protein
*<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001, vs control group by univariate and #<0.05, ##<0.01 by multivariate logistic regression analysis