Table 2.
Lifestyle, physical status and dietary data for men and women.
| Men n = 569 (68.7%) n (%) |
Women n = 259 (31.3%) n (%) |
Total n = 828 (100%) n (%) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Lifestyle | |||
| Smoking status | |||
| Never smoked | 307 (54.0) | 130 (50.2) | 437 (52.8) |
| Former smoker | 186 (32.7) | 66 (25.5) | 252 (30.4) |
| Current smoker | 75 (13.2) | 63 (24.3) | 138 (16.7) |
| Missing | 1 (0.2) | 0 | 1 (0.1) |
| Alcohol consumption (units/week) | |||
| No drink | 117 (20.6) | 68 (26.3) | 185 (22.3) |
| 1- < 7 | 106 (18.6) | 60 (23.2) | 166 (20.0) |
| 7– < 14 | 80 (14.1) | 32 (12.4) | 112 (13.5) |
| 14– < 21/> 21 | 76 (13.4) | 8 (3.1) | 84 (10.1) |
| Missing | 190 (33.4) | 91 (35.1) | 281 (33.9) |
| Physical activity | |||
| Low | 335 (58.9) | 37 (14.3) | 372 (44.9) |
| Moderate | 127 (22.3) | 96 (37.1) | 223 (26.9) |
| High | 104 (18.3) | 124 (47.8) | 228 (27.5) |
| Missing | 3 (0.5) | 2 (0.8) | 5 (0.6) |
| Health | |||
| BMI (kg/m2)a | |||
| Underweight/normal weight | 132 (23.2) | 114 (44.0) | 246 (29.7) |
| Overweight | 308 (54.1) | 94 (36.3) | 402 (48.6) |
| Obese | 129 (22.7) | 51 (19.7) | 180 (21.7) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Central obesityb | |||
| Normal | 298 (52.4) | 106 (40.9) | 404 (48.8) |
| Centrally obese | 271 (47.6) | 153 (59.1) | 424 (51.2) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hypertensionc | |||
| Not hypertensive | 478 (84) | 243 (93.8) | 721 (87.1) |
| Hypertensive | 91 (16) | 15 (5.8) | 106 (12.8) |
| Missing | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) |
| Self-reported general health | |||
| Excellent | 50 (8.8) | 30 (11.6) | 80 (9.7) |
| Very good | 177 (31.1) | 100 (38.6) | 277 (33.5) |
| Good | 288 (50.6) | 101 (39.0) | 389 (47.0) |
| Fair/poor | 53 (9.3) | 28 (10.8) | 81 (9.8) |
| Missing | 1 (0.2) | 0 | 1 (0.1) |
| Diet | |||
| Consumption of food supplements | |||
| Yes | 223 (39.2) | 128 (49.4) | 351 (42.4) |
| No | 334 (58.7) | 127 (49.0) | 461 (55.7) |
| Missing | 12 (2.1) | 4 (1.5) | 16 (1.9) |
| Daily salt intake (measured from urinary sodium) | |||
| ≤ 6 g/day | 347 (61.0) | 173 (66.8) | 520 (62.8) |
| > 6 g/day | 219 (38.5) | 85 (32.8) | 304 (36.7) |
| Missing | 3 (0.5) | 1 (0.4) | 4 (0.5) |
| DASH score (quintiles) | |||
| Lowest | 63 (11.1) | 8 (3.1) | 71 (8.6) |
| Second | 66 (11.6) | 17 (6.6) | 83 (10.0) |
| Third | 71 (12.5) | 22 (8.5) | 93 (11.2) |
| Fourth | 155 (27.2) | 73 (28.2) | 228 (27.5) |
| Highest | 205 (36.0) | 137 (52.9) | 342 (41.3) |
| Missing | 9 (1.6) | 2 (0.8) | 11 (1.3) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.
a
BMI: underweight = ≤ 18.49; normal weight = 18.50–24.99; overweight = 25.00–29.99, obese = ≥ 30.00.
b
Central obesity: average mid-way waist circumference ≥ 94 cm for men or ≥ 80 cm for women.
c
Hypertension: average systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg or average diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg.