Table 1.
Compounds identified in human implants from chemical screen of over 1,400 analytes.
| Categories | Compounds | CAS | Occurrence in implants (out of 8) | Possible source or use* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OPAHs | 9,10-anthraquinone | 84-65-1 | 1 | Breakdown product of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources, also used in dye manufacturing |
| Consumer products | caffeine | 58-08-2 | 8 | Component of coffee, tea, and cocoa, used widely in food and pharmacological industries |
| galaxolide | 1222-05-5 | 3 | Artificial musk fragrance used in detergents, perfumes, soaps, and cosmetics | |
| phthalimide | 85-41-6 | 1 | Used as an intermediate for primary amines, dyes and a fungicide | |
| exaltolide | 106-02-5 | 1 | Artificial musk fragrance used in perfumes | |
| carvone | 99-49-0 | 1 | Found naturally in caraway and dill, used in confections, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, or soaps | |
| Pesticides | p,p′-DDE | 72-55-9 | 5 | An impurity in DDT production and degradation product of DDT |
| methoxychlor | 72-43-5 | 1 | Insecticide used to control mosquito larvae, house flies and other insect applications in agriculture | |
| trans-nonachlor | 39765-80-5 | 1 | Constituent of technical chlordane, an insecticide used for termite control and wood treatment | |
| Phthalates | diisobutyl phthalate | 84-69-5 | 3 | Used in manufacturing in polypropylene, fiberglass, polyvinyl chloride, nitrocellulose, and others |
| dicyclohexyl phthalate | 84-61-7 | 1 | Plasticizer for cellulose, chlorinated rubber, polyvinyl acetate or chloride, and other polymers | |
| Chemicals in Commerce | tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate | 115-96-8 | 2 | Flame-retardant plasticizer found in vinyl resins, carpet backing, upholstery, thermosets, particle board |
| tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate | 78-51-3 | 1 | Flame-retardant plasticizer in synthetic rubber intended for food or drink consumption, among others | |
| 2,4-dimethylaniline | 95-68-1 | 1 | Intermediate in photographic chemicals, pesticides, dyes, and pharmaceutical products |
*
Source and use information was obtained from the National Library of Medicine, Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) – http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm, accessed 1/7/15. Compounds in bold italics were also detected in the same extracts using a quantitative pesticide method described in the text and Anderson et al., 2014.