Table 2. Parameter estimates based on bivariate logistic regression models for M. perstans microfilaremia in school-aged children in Uganda (2000–2003).

Data source	Covariate	M perstans parasitemia
		ORa	95% CIb	P-value (AICc)
School survey	Age (5–9 years)	1.00
	10–14 years	1.57	1.26, 1.96
	15–19 years	2.48	1.77, 3.47	<0.001
	Sex (female)	1.00
	Male	0.96	0.81, 1.14	0.660
	Season (dry)	1.00
	Wet	1.52	0.39, 5.87	0.546
Sattelite imagery	Land surface temperature (LST)
	Day (wet season)	0.79	0.66, 0.93	0.005 (3,699)
	Day (dry season)	0.79	0.66, 0.93	0.005 (3,699)
	Day (annual)	0.78	0.65, 0.91	0.003 (3,698)
	Night (wet season)	1.09	0.85, 1.40	0.498 (3,706)
	Night (dry season)	1.12	0.82, 1.52	0.473 (3,706)
	Night (annual)	1.10	0.81, 1.45	0.521 (3,707)
	Diurnal_diff (wet season)*	0.63	0.51, 0.78	<0.001 (3,688)
	Diurnal_diff (dry season)	0.65	0.53, 0.79	<0.001 (3,689)
	Diurnal_diff (annual)	0.63	0.51, 0.77	<0.001 (3,687)
	Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
	Wet season*	1.16	1.09, 1.23	<0.001 (3,683)
	Dry season	1.15	1.08, 1.21	<0.001 (3,684)
	Annual	1.15	1.08, 1.22	<0.001 (3,684)
	Land cover (%)
	Forest cover*	1.06	1.02, 1.10	0.005 (3,697)
	Open vegetation	0.97	0.95, 0.99	0.019 (3,709)
	Cropland	0.98	0.95, 1.03	0.201 (3,715)
GIS maps	Altitude	0.99	0.99, 1.00	0.013
	Livestock
	Cattle density*	1.04	1.02, 1.06	<0.001
	Sheep density	1.07	0.99, 1.16	0.105
	Goat density	0.99	0.98, 1.01	0.523
	Pig density	1.02	0.96, 1.07	0.593
	Chicken density	1.00	0.99, 1.00	0.673

*Chosen for further multivariate modeling. Models include a school-level random effect to account for clustering at school level.

^aOR, odds ratios

^bCI, 95% confidence interval

^cAIC, Akaike information criterion.