. 2015 Dec 1;15(12):30011–30031. doi: 10.3390/s151229783

Table 3.

Examples of some of the different fabrication methods and materials used to fabricate microfluidic devices for biosensing applications.

Fabrication Method	Fabrication Material	Advantages	Disadvantages
Photolithography [89]	PDMS	Portability	Low throughput
		Cost-effective and high automation
		High sensitivity
Soft lithography [90]	PDMS	Real-time detection	Requiring high sample concentration
		Portable
		Disposable
		Cost-effective
Nano-imprinting [91]	PMMA	Cost-effective	Expensive Low throughput
Nano-imprinting [91]	PMMA	High sensitivity	Expensive Low throughput