. 2015 Aug 26;213(4):569–573. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv425

Table 1.

Summary of Activation Markers on CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T Cells Obtained From Subjects Who Were Exposed to but Seronegative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1; HESN) and Subjects Who Tested Negative for HIV-1 at Study Entry but Seroconverted After Enrollment

Activation Marker, by Treatment Group(s)	HESN Subjects		Seroconverters		P Value^a
Activation Marker, by Treatment Group(s)	Mean	Median (IQR)	Mean	Median (IQR)	P Value^a
All participants^b
CD4⁺ T cells
CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺	0.62	0.51 (0.36–0.85)	0.72	0.79 (0.43–0.94)	.228
HLA-DR⁺	1.87	1.32 (0.85–2.86)	2.01	1.93 (1.56–2.42)	.247
CD38⁺	42.3	44.1 (32.5–53.0)	35.0	37.4 (19.3–52.1)	.176
CD8⁺ T cells
CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺	1.02	0.82 (0.55–1.29)	1.67	1.30 (1.22–2.26)	.005
HLA-DR⁺	1.64	1.33 (1.04–2.27)	1.96	1.82 (1.40–2.36)	.223
CD38⁺	43.5	44.0 (32.3–55.6)	34.7	25.3 (18.2–51.6)	.085
FTC/TDF recipients^c
CD4⁺ T cells
CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺	0.94	1.01 (0.73–1.14)	0.86	0.90 (0.77–0.98)	.578
HLA-DR⁺	3.12	3.03 (1.95–4.35)	2.32	2.04 (1.93–2.44)	.267
CD38⁺	35.4	34.4 (28.1–42.1)	32.8	29.4 (22.0–37.7)	.711
CD8⁺ T cells
CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺	1.32	1.19 (0.85–1.62)	2.12	2.05 (1.75–2.57)	.042
HLA-DR⁺	2.04	1.84 (1.32–2.67)	2.15	1.84 (1.80–2.87)	.643
CD38⁺	37.2	34.8 (26.7–50.4)	22.8	22.6 (20.2–24.0)	.064
Placebo recipients^d
CD4⁺ T cells
CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺	0.44	0.39 (0.33–0.50)	0.65	0.55 (0.37–0.88)	.078
HLA-DR⁺	1.17	1.04 (0.80–1.32)	1.87	1.82 (1.24–2.40)	.027
CD38⁺	46.1	49.1 (40.6–53.7)	36.1	40.4 (14.7–52.4)	.135
CD8⁺ T cells
CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺	0.86	0.74 (0.50–0.85)	1.47	1.27 (1.16–1.90)	.017
HLA-DR⁺	1.41	1.22 (0.90–1.59)	1.87	1.53 (1.29–2.30)	.140
CD38⁺	47.1	46.5 (36.0–57.5)	40.3	50.1 (16.2–66.5)	.548

Abbreviations: FTC, emtricitabine; IQR, interquartile range; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.

^a By the Wilcoxon rank sum test.

^b Data are for 39 HESN subjects and 16 seroconverters.

^c Data are for 14 HESN subjects and 5 seroconverters.

^d Data are for 25 HESN subjects and 11 seroconverters.