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. 2015 Dec 15;4:e09991. doi: 10.7554/eLife.09991

Figure 2. Disrupting synchronized mass spawning in the coral, Acropora millepora.

(A) Beginning 8 days prior to the spawning night, A. millepora colonies were exposed to one of the following treatments: ambient (A), in which colonies were exposed to natural day and night cycles with full exposure to moon light; light (L), in which colonies were exposed to natural daylight during the day and artificial photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) light (~5 µmol quanta m-2 s-1) at sunset every day for ~6 hrs (between 18:15 and 24:00) and then left in the dark until sunrise; or dark (D), in which colonies were exposed to natural daylight during the day and left in the dark from 18:15 to sunrise. (B) Hierarchical clustering of A. millepora gene expression data for the 184 coral transcripts that were only variable during the spawning night, depicting gene expression changes between treatments A, L and D denote ambient, light and dark treatments, respectively.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09991.006

Figure 2.

Figure 2—figure supplement 1. Hierarchical clustering of Acropora millepora gene expression data for (A) the 177 coral transcripts that were up-regulated and (B) the 29 coral transcripts that were down-regulated during the spawning night.

Figure 2—figure supplement 1.

A, L and D denote ambient, light and dark treatments, respectively.

Figure 2—figure supplement 2. Correlation of gene expression Log2 fold change between values obtained from RNA-seq analysis and expression values obtained using quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Figure 2—figure supplement 2.

Twelve genes were arbitrarily chosen based on either high up- or down-regulation in corals sampled on the spawning night in ambient conditions at 22:00 versus ambient corals on the spawning night at 19:30. Gene expression measured by qPCR and RNA-seq was closely correlated (r2 = 0.92; p<0.0001).

Figure 2—figure supplement 3. The effect of light quantity and quality on the timing of broadcast spawning in the coral Acropora millepora at Heron Island.

Figure 2—figure supplement 3.

(A) Represents the percentage of corals that released gametes on the night of the spawning and the percentage of late spawners (shaded area), as compared to the control corals and corals monitored at the field reef site. (B) Represents the percentages of colonies which released gametes on the night of the spawning November 13, 2006 and the phase shift (blue line) that is number of hours in the timing of spawning from the control group due to the different light treatments. Total number of colonies was N =90, one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tamhane test showed significant differences between the groups with regard to the phase shift in the spawning time and the light and color treatments, p < 0.01.