Table 2. Comparison of the subjects' clinical parameters according to HbA1c.
| Variable | HbA1C<5.5% (n=12) | 5.5%≤HbA1C≤8% (n=38) | HbA1C>8% (n=24) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 11.9±3.4 | 14.3±3.6a) | 15.5±3.0a) | 0.017* |
| Sex, male:female | 7:5 | 15:23 | 8:16 | 0.358 |
| Body mass index, z-score | 1.8±0.3 | 1.2±1.3a) | 0.3±2.5a) | 0.002* |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.3±0.2 | 6.4±0.8 | 11.0±2.2 | <0.001* |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 96.0±10.9a) | 124.4±52.6a) | 267.3±148.2 | <0.001* |
| 1,5-AG (µg/mL) | 29.6±9.0 | 20.4±13.2 | 2.4±1.1 | <0.001* |
| Ln (1,5-AG) | 3.3±0.3 | 2.8±0.7 | 0.7±0.6 | <0.001* |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.5±0.1 | 0.7±0.1a) | 0.7±0.1a) | 0.007* |
| AST (U/L) | 28.8±10.5 | 24.5±10.7 | 35.3±38.8 | 0.223 |
| ALT (U/L) | 34.4±28.3 | 28.2±23.2 | 47.8±71.5 | 0.262 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 170.8±44.8a) | 168.8±26.2a) | 199.5±53.1 | 0.012* |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 100.0±37.4 | 93.2±27.5 | 110.0±43.8 | 0.194 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 47.8±10.1 | 53.0±12.3 | 59.1±17.3 | 0.061 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 113.2±42.1 | 99.6±72.8 | 148.9±145.7 | 0.169 |
Values are presented as means±standard deviation or number.
HbA1C, glycosylated hemoglobin; Ln (1,5-AG), logarithmic transformed 1,5-AG values; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.
a),b)Statistical significance was assessed by one-way analysis of variance among groups. The same letters indicate a nonsignificant difference between groups based on the Scheffe multiple comparison test. *P<0.05.