Table 5. miRNAs involved in hepatic glucose homeostasis.
| miRNA | Finding(s) | Intervention/phenotype | Model | Target/pathway | Author |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-143 | ↑ | Genetic and DIO models | Mouse (db/db) | ORP8 | Jordan et al.48 |
| miR-145 | ↑, ↑ Insulin resistance | SCD fed, Resistin injected (6 days), overexpressed miRNA | Mouse (C57BL/6J), HepG2 cells | — | Wen et al.51 |
| miR-130a | ↓ Insulin resistance and steatosis | Adenoviral overexpressed | Mouse | Grb10 | Xiao et al.134 |
| Let-7 | ↑ Insulin resistance, protected from DIO-IR and fatty liver | Overexpressed—Global and pancreas, whole-body miRNA inhibition | Mouse | INSR, IRS-2 (liver) | Frost and Olson59 |
| miR-195, -103 | ↑ | Genetic IR (non-obese) | Rat (GK, WKY, BN) | — | Herrera et al.66 |
| miR-21 | ↑ | Unsaturated fatty acid treatment | Rat hepatocytes | PTEN | Vinciguerra et al.135 |
| miR-802 | ↑, ↑ Insulin resistance | HFD vs SCD, overexpressed miRNA | Mouse and human | HNF1B | Kornfeld et al.136 |
| miR-181a | ↑, ↑ Insulin resistance - ↓ SIRT1 | Genetic obesity/IR, overexpressed miRNA | Mouse (db/db), HepG2 cells | SIRT1 | Zhou et al.137 |
| miR-103, -107 | ↑ Insulin resistance, improved glucose tolerance | Hepatic miR-107 overexpression, inhibition of miRNAs | Mouse (C57BL/6J) | CAV1 | Trajkovski et al.133 |
| miR-29 | ↑, ↓ miRNA expression | HFD vs SCD mice, pioglitazone treatment | Mouse and Rat (fa/fa) | PPARGC1A, HMGCS2, ABHD5/FOXA2 | Kurtz et al.90 |
| miR-370 | ↑ Lipogenesis, ↓ Lipogenesis | Overexpressed miRNA, inhibited | Human HepG2 cells in vitro | miR-122, SREBP1c, DGAT2, Cpt1α | Iliopoulos et al.138 |
| miR-221 | ↓ AdipoR1 | Overexpressed miRNA | HumanHepG2 cells in vitro | AdipoR1/Adiponectin and PTB pathway | Lustig et al.71 |
| miR-126-3p, -24-3p | ↓ | Genetic obesity/IR | Mouse (ob/ob) | — | Liang et al.139 |
| miR-200s (miR-200a,b,c) | ↓ | Genetic obesity/IR | Mouse (db/db) | FOG2, IL6 | Dou et al.77 |
| miR-122 | ↓ Steatosis, ↓ Plasma cholesterol | Inhibited miRNA | Mouse SCD and HFD models | SREBP1c, AMPK pathway | Esau et al.140 |
| miR-122 | ↓ Plasma | Mild vs severe steatosis/NAFLD | Human | — | Miyaaki et al.141 |
| miR-33 | ↑ HDL, ↑ Reverse cholesterol transport | Inhibited miRNA | Mouse (LDLr−/−—western diet) | ABCA1/SREBF2 | Rayner et al.142, 143 |
Abbreviations: AdipoR1, adiponectin receptor 1; DIO, diet-induced obesity; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HFD, high-fat diet; INSR, insulin receptor; IR, insulin resistance; miRNA, microRNA; ORP8, oxysterol binding protein-like 8; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; SCD, standard chow diet.