. 2015 Aug 25;40(1):162–170. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2015.139

Table 4. Changes of anthropometric, metabolic, prostate and quality of life parameters in obese hypogonadal men receiving testosterone treatment according to age group.

Baseline age (years)	Class I (n=214)		Class II (n=150)		Class III (n=47)
	⩽65 (n=163)	>65 (n=51)	⩽65 (n=120)	>65 (n=30)	⩽65 (n=40)	>65 (n=7)
Anthropometry	Change±s.e.	Change±s.e.	Change±s.e.	Change±s.e.	Change±s.e.	Change±s.e.
Weight (kg)	−17.5±0.5*	−16.7±1.1*	−25.7±0.6*	−24.2±1.1*	−30.4±0.7*	−31.4±2.4*
BMI (kg m⁻²)	−5.55±0.16*	−5.34±0.36*	−8.26±0.19*	−7.76±0.35*	−9.94±0.31*	−10.18±0.72*
Weight loss (%)	−16.9±0.46*	−16.16±1.01*	−21.92±0.46*	−20.58±0.94*	−23.55±0.53*	−23.97±1.6*
Waist circumference (cm)	−10.3±0.3*	−11.7±0.8*	−14.1±0.4*	−13.0±0.7*	−14.4±0.4*	−14.3±1.2*

Testosterone
Testosterone (nmol l⁻¹)	8±0.36*	8.66±0.8*	7.06±0.35*	8.09±0.68*	6.26±0.48*	7.42±1.29*

Prostate parameters
Prostate volume (ml)	5.08±0.31*	3.41±0.66*	3.81±0.3*	3.51±0.41*	2.79±0.34*	1.05±2.26
PSA (ng ml⁻¹)	0.39±0.03*	0.27±0.08^#	0.33±0.04*	0.44±0.07*	0.29±0.04*	−0.18±0.24
IPSS	−3.89±0.25*	−6.09±0.51*	−6.35±0.3*	−6.52±0.43*	−6.75±0.35*	−8.01±0.82*

Erectile function
IIEF-EF	8.83±0.42*	10.26±1.02*	7.71±0.48*	6.95±0.74*	7.26±0.61*	4.06±1.35**

Quality of life
AMS	−32.58±0.78*	−32.15±1.6*	−32.85±0.79*	−35.42±1.52*	−38.62±1.18*	−36.04±4.37*

Glycaemic control
Fasting glucose (mmol l⁻¹)	−0.74±0.09*	−1.25±0.32^§	−0.95±0.12*	−1.81±0.28*	−1.03±0.13*	−2.14±0.87^##
HbA_1c (%)	−1.12±0.07*	−1.25±0.16*	−1.74±0.09*	−2.03±0.14*	−1.84±0.14*	−2.02±0.36*

Lipids
Total cholesterol (mmol l⁻¹)	−2.14±0.10*	−2.47±0.23*	−2.76±0.11*	−2.98±0.23*	−3.10±0.15*	−2.77±0.57*
HDL (mmol l⁻¹)	0.57±0.03*	0.42±0.08*	0.60±0.04*	0.45±0.06"	0.55±0.05*	0.71±0.14*
LDL (mmol l⁻¹)	−1.30±0.07*	−1.43±0.12*	−1.43±0.08*	−1.60±0.17*	−1.78±0.10*	−1.27±0.43^§§
Triglycerides (mmol l⁻¹)	−0.86±0.06*	−1.07±0.14*	−1.14±0.06*	−1.48±0.12*	−1.51±0.09*	−1.79±0.28*
Total cholesterol:HDL ratio	−3.77±0.19*	−3.28±0.34*	−3.59±0.19*	−3.2±0.33*	−3±0.23*	−3.44±0.59*

Erythropoiesis/blood count
Haemoglobin (g dl⁻¹)	0.49±3.39	0.66±0.22^$	0.26±0.09^‡	0.3±0.21	0.62±0.09*	1.18±0.31^$$
Haematocrit (%)	4.22±0.36*	5.03±0.79*	4.74±0.36*	3.89±0.85*	4.54±0.5*	6.49±1.38*
Leukocytes (10⁹ l⁻¹)	−0.29±0.16	0.21±0.32	−0.85±0.2*	−1.6±0.38*	−0.38±0.22	−0.87±0.64

Liver transaminases
AST (U l⁻¹)	−10.9±1.1*	−9.46±2.4^§	−20.6±1.41*	−18.32±2.47*	−27.5±2.23*	−30.35±8.59^††
ALT (U l⁻¹)	−12.22±1.47*	−11.79±3.7^†	−22.67±1.68*	−23.26±3.69*	−27.93±2.82*	−38.42±10.31^‡‡

Inflammation
CRP (mg dl⁻¹)	−1.91±0.16*	−1.47±0.24*	−3.29±0.32*	−3.74±0.55*	−3.91±0.47*	−4.53±0.93*

Blood pressure
Systolic (mm Hg)	−19.68±0.83*	−28.91±2.36*	−32.25±1.17*	−26.93±1.88*	−33.05±1.57*	−33.51±3.43*
Diastolic (mm Hg)	−11.6±0.77*	−15.88±1.86*	−20.34±1.78*	−21.51±1.41*	−22.84±1.51*	−27.84±2.7*

Abbreviations:

ALT, alanine transaminase; AMS, Aging Males' Symptom scale; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IIEF-EF, international index of erectile function, erectile function; IPSS, International Prostate Symptom Score; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PSA, prostate-specific antigen.

*P<0.0001 vs baseline; ^#P=0.0008; ^§P=0.0001; ^$P=0.0031; ^†P=0.0016; ^‡P=0.0037; ^**P=0.0048; ^##P=0.0185; ^§§P=0.0057; ^$$P=0.0005; ^††P=0.0012; ^‡‡P=0.0007.