FIG. 9.

Representative confocal laser-scanning micrographs of a nonaligned plasma clot (control) (A) and a clot aligned in an electric field (D) (magnification: 63×). Before polymerization, clots were labeled with Alexa Fluor 594-conjugated human fibrinogen. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were embedded in nonaligned (B) and aligned plasma clots (E), cultured for 1 week under conventional culture conditions and subsequently stained with calcein-AM. Green fluorescence represents viable MSCs. FFT plot of cell orientation in plasma clots with nonaligned fibers (C). FFT plot of cell orientation in plasma clots with aligned fibers (F). Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tec