Table 4.
Comparative performance of SSM versus LAM; and the combination of SSM and LAM versus SSM alone using the microbiological reference standard, stratified by CD4 count
| N = 457 | SSM versus LAM | Combined SSM with LAM versus SSM alone | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSM only | LAM only | p-value | SSM only | LAM only | SSM plus LAM | p-value | |
| Sensitivity (95 % CI) | |||||||
| CD4 (cells/μL) | |||||||
| ≤50 | 63.8 (48.5-77.3) | 76.6 (62.0-87.7) | 0.176 | 63.8 (48.5-77.3)* | 76.6 (62.0-87.7) | 87.2 (74.3-95.2)* | 0.008 |
| 51-100 | 50.0 (24.70- 75.3) | 43.8 (19.8-70.1) | 0.723 | 50.0 (24.70- 75.3) | 43.8 (19.8-70.1) | 62.5 (35.4-84.8) | >0.05 |
| >100 | 36.8 (16.3-61.6) | 36.8 (16.3- 61.6) | - | 36.8 (16.3-61.6) | 36.8 (16.3- 61.6) | 52.6 (28.9-75.6) | >0.05 |
| Specificity (95 % CI) | |||||||
| CD4 (cells/μL) | |||||||
| ≤50 | 93.0 (88.1-96.3) | 80.7 (74.0-86.8) | 0.001 | 93.0 (88.1-96.3)* | 80.7 (74.0-86.8) | 78.9 (72.1-84.8)* | 0.001 |
| 51-100 | 98.4 (91.2-100.0) | 90.2 (79.8-96.3) | 0.052 | 98.4 (91.2-100.0) | 90.2 (79.8-96.3) | 90.2 (79.8-96.3) | >0.05 |
| >100 | 97.9 (94.0-99.6) | 90.9 (85.0-95.1) | 0.010 | 97.9 (94.0-99.6)* | 90.9 (85.0-95.1) | 89.5 (83.3-94.0)* | 0.004 |
SSM sputum smear microscopy, LAM Urine Lipoarabinomannan strip test
P-value indicate significant differences between patient groups (marked with * and number to indicate comparison group) * - Significantly Different (p ≤ 0.05) NS – Not Significantly Different (p > 0.05)