Table 2.
Overall sedentary behavior | TV viewing | Computer/DVD/video games | Screen based SB | Non-screen based SB |
---|---|---|---|---|
Intrapersonal | Intrapersonal | Intrapersonal | Intrapersonal | Intrapersonal |
At ‘unidentified locations’ | At ‘unidentified locations’ | At ‘unidentified locations’ | At ‘unidentified locations’ | At ‘unidentified locations’ |
+[48] Race (non-Caucasian) | +[47]ceg /0[22], [47]df BMI | +[25, 27]b/0[27]aSex (male) | +[33–35] Sex (male) | -[27], [34, 35] Sex (male) |
+[11]h/0[11]i AS MVPA | +[48]Race (non-Caucasian) | +34/0[27] Age | +34/033 Age | +[34, 35]/0[27] Age |
+[28] Parental education | +[47]cef/0[47]gd Child behavior autonomy | Social | +[34] Race (non-Caucasian) | 0[34] Race (non-Caucasian) |
+[32] Sometimes eats breakfast (ref always eat) | -[47]ce/0[47]dfg Father’s income high (ref low) | 0[27] Family structure (1 parent house) | Social | Social |
-[37] Child IM: high (ref low) | 0[22] Sum of skinfolds | Physical/Policy | At ‘unidentified locations’ | At ‘unidentified locations’ |
-[28] Deprivation (ref least deprived) | 0[22] Waist:Hip ratio | −0[25] Country (Bulgaria, Taiwan, USA) | -[34] With peer group AS | +[34] With mum/dad AS |
0[28] No. of cars at home | 0[47] Father’s income med (ref low) | 0[27]Attends AS Program (ref other care) | Physical/Policy | +[34] With unrelated adult AS |
0[28] Household income | 0[47] Mother’s income high/ med (ref low) | At ‘unidentified locations’ | 0[27] Family structure (1 parent house) | |
0[32] Poor/Good quality breakfast eaten (ref none eaten) | Social | -[34] Time in public place AS | Physical/Policy | |
At after-school program | 0[27] Family structure (1 parent house) | -[34] Time outside at home AS | At ‘unidentified locations’ | |
-[29] AS MVPA | -[34]Time outside at other house (not own) | |||
0[26, 31]j BMI | Physical/Policy | +[27]Attends AS Program (ref other care) | ||
Social | ||||
At ‘unidentified locations’ | At ‘unidentified locations’ | |||
0[23] Mother’s SB | +[47] Country: Portugal, Estonia, Norway (each ref Denmark) | |||
0[23] Father’s SB | 0[25] Country (Bulgaria, Taiwan, USA) | |||
Physical/Policy | +[47] TV environment | |||
At ‘unidentified locations’ | +[47]d/0[47]cefg No. TV sets in the home | |||
-[28] Home has private garden | 0[47] TV in bedroom | |||
-[36]h/0[36]i Outdoor play | -[27]Attends AS Program (ref other care) | |||
-[30]i/0[30]h Attends AS Program (ref home) | ||||
-[44]h/0[44]i Season (winter) | ||||
0[38] Country:England (ref Spain) | ||||
+[46] Rainfall | ||||
At after-school program | ||||
+[21]h/0[21]i AS Program has PA policy | ||||
+[21] AS Program collects feedback on activities children want | ||||
+[21]h AS Program staff provided with 1-4 h of PA training | ||||
+[21]h/0[21]i AS Program undergone ≥1 year of evaluation | ||||
+[29] Duration of AS Program session | ||||
+[29] AS Program conducted inside | ||||
-[21]i/0[21]h AS Program provides activities for both sexes | ||||
-[29] ≥25 % of AS Program allocated to PA | ||||
0[21] AS Program provides age and skill appropriate activities | ||||
0[29] AS Program provides organised/free play activities | ||||
0[29]AS Program provides non-fixed equipment | ||||
0[29] No. of children | ||||
0[29] AS Program boys:girls ratio | ||||
0[29] AS Program staff:children ratio | ||||
0[21] Presence of parent workshop promoting importance of PA | ||||
0[21] AS Program curriculum undergone formal evaluation |
Abbreviations: ‘0’ null association, ‘+’ positive association, ‘-’ negative association, AS after school, MVPA moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity, SB sedentary behavior, IM independent mobility
aAfrican American sample
bCaucasian sample
cAll sample, includes children from Denmark, Portugal, Estonia and Norway
dEstonia sample
eDenmark sample
fNorway sample
gPortugal sample
hMale
iFemale
jsample at after-school programs