Table 5.
Regression analysis of predicting natural log-transformed serum concentrations of PFCs for adults in California, USA (2008–2009).
| Nb | PFOS
|
PFOA
|
PFNA
|
PFDA
|
PFHxS
|
Me-PFOSA-AcOH
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 128
|
132
|
128
|
132
|
128
|
128
|
|||||||
| Effect | Slope (SE) | p | Slope (SE) | p | Slope (SE) | p | Slope (SE) | p | Slope (SE) | p | Slope (SE) | p |
| Intercept | 0.01 (0.21) | 0.95 | −0.11 (0.17) | 0.51 | −0.79 (0.16) | <.01 | −1.73 (0.13) | <.01 | −1.95 (0.25) | <.01 | −2.65 (0.27) | <.01 |
| Adults’ age (year) | 0.03 (0.04) | <.01 | 0.02 (0.03) | <.01 | 0.01 (0.003) | <.01 | 0.04 (0.005) | <.01 | 0.02 (0.005) | <.01 | ||
| Occupational exposure or having used fire extinguisher (yes/no) | 0.64 (0.18) | <.01 | 0.67 (0.16) | <.01 | 0.48 (0.13) | <.01 | 0.30 (0.17) | 0.08 | 0.80 (0.23) | <.01 | ||
| Frequency of having pre-packaged candy or bakery items (ref=never) | ||||||||||||
| <1 Time/week | 0.38 (0.18) | 0.04 | ||||||||||
| ≥1 Time/week | −0.14 (0.17) | 0.39 | ||||||||||
| Frequency of eating (time/week) | ||||||||||||
| Butter or margarine | 0.04 (0.02) | 0.02 | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.01 | ||||||||
| Dairy fat | −0.01 (0.01) | 0.10 | 0.03 (0.01) | <.01 | ||||||||
| Pork | 0.07 (0.04) | 0.09 | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.09 | 0.11 (0.04) | 0.01 | ||||||
| Beef | 0.08 (0.03) | 0.03 | −0.09 (0.04) | 0.04 | ||||||||
| Canned meat | −0.81 (0.17) | <.01 | −0.32 (0.13) | 0.01 | −0.38 (0.17) | 0.02 | −0.51 (0.21) | 0.02 | ||||
| Canned meat entrée | 0.18 (0.07) | 0.01 | 0.19 (0.08) | 0.02 | 0.20 (0.08) | 0.02 | ||||||
| Canned fish | −0.15 (0.07) | 0.03 | −0.12 (0.06) | 0.04 | −0.12 (0.07) | 0.10 | ||||||
| Fresh tuna and white fish | 0.08 (0.05) | 0.08 | 0.15 (0.06) | 0.02 | 0.17 (0.08) | 0.05 | ||||||
| Freshwater fish | 0.50 (0.14) | 0.00 | ||||||||||
| Graham crackers | 0.21 (0.13) | 0.09 | −0.38 (0.20) | 0.07 | 0.42 (0.21) | 0.05 | ||||||
| Crackers (not including graham crackers) | −0.06 (0.02) | 0.01 | −0.05 (0.03) | 0.10 | ||||||||
| Microwave popcorn | 0.19 (0.11) | 0.09 | ||||||||||
| R-square | 0.51 | 0.28 | 0.33 | 0.20 | 0.41 | 0.24 | ||||||
Slope (SE): estimated regression coefficient (standard error).
a
The serum concentrations of PFCs were natural log-transformed.
b
The total sample size for the adult population is 149. The actual number of observations used is influenced by the predictors selected, which varied by compound.