Table 1.
Distribution of demographic, lifestyle, reproductive, medical and dietary factors across quintiles of red and processed meat intake among 193,742 postmenopausal women. NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
| All | Red meat intakea quintiles (Q)
|
Processed meat intakea quintiles (Q)
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | ||
| Age, mean (years)b | 62.0 | 62.3 | 62.3 | 62.2 | 61.9 | 61.5 | 62.2 | 62.0 | 61.9 | 61.9 | 62.1 |
| Race, non-Hispanic Black (%)b | 5.7 | 8.2 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 5.7 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 7.0 |
| BMI, mean (kg/m2)b | 26.8 | 25.4 | 26.4 | 26.8 | 27.4 | 28.2 | 25.4 | 26.4 | 27.0 | 27.5 | 28.0 |
| Height, mean (cm)b | 163.2 | 163.1 | 163.3 | 163.3 | 163.3 | 163.2 | 163.1 | 163.3 | 163.3 | 163.4 | 163.2 |
| Education, > high school (%)b | 67.1 | 74.9 | 69.4 | 66.2 | 64.2 | 60.9 | 74.1 | 70.2 | 66.9 | 64.4 | 59.9 |
| Smoking, current (%)b | 14.8 | 8.6 | 12.2 | 14.7 | 17.3 | 21.1 | 9.8 | 13.4 | 45.5 | 16.7 | 18.5 |
| Physical activity, ≥3 times/wk (%)b | 41.7 | 54.2 | 45.4 | 40.6 | 36.7 | 31.4 | 52.2 | 43.5 | 39.5 | 37.4 | 35.7 |
| Familial history of breast cancer (%)c | 12.9 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.3 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 12.8 |
| Oral contraceptive use, ever (%)b | 39.4 | 37.9 | 38.7 | 39.2 | 40.2 | 41.0 | 38.5 | 40.4 | 40.4 | 40.1 | 37.7 |
| Age at menarche, ≥13 y (%)c | 51.1 | 51.2 | 51.4 | 51.1 | 51.7 | 50.1 | 51.2 | 51.3 | 51.4 | 51.0 | 50.5 |
| Parity, nulliparous (%)b | 15.0 | 16.1 | 14.3 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.3 | 15.4 | 14.0 | 13.8 | 13.4 | 14.6 |
| Number of live births, ≥3 (%)b | 49.1 | 44.6 | 49.0 | 50.2 | 50.6 | 51.2 | 45.7 | 49.3 | 50.2 | 50.7 | 49.7 |
| Age at first live birth, ≥30 y (%)b | 5.8 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.5 |
| Age at menopause, ≥50 y (%)b | 40.0 | 43.0 | 41.1 | 40.0 | 38.9 | 36.9 | 42.7 | 40.9 | 39.3 | 39.1 | 38.0 |
| Ever hormone use (%)b | 54.7 | 55.5 | 56.0 | 55.3 | 54.7 | 52.0 | 55.7 | 57.5 | 56.0 | 54.1 | 50.2 |
| Previous mammogram (%)b,d | 87.7 | 89.1 | 89.0 | 88.3 | 87.0 | 84.9 | 88.3 | 88.9 | 88.0 | 87.0 | 86.2 |
| Previous breast biopsies (%)b | 24.1 | 24.4 | 24.4 | 24.2 | 24.0 | 23.6 | 24.3 | 24.2 | 24.1 | 24.3 | 23.7 |
| Dietary intake (mean) | |||||||||||
| Red meat (g/1,000 kcal)b | 29.5 | 7.4 | 17.6 | 26.4 | 36.8 | 59.3 | 14.6 | 23.9 | 29.9 | 35.5 | 43.7 |
| Processed meat (g/1,000 kcal)b | 8.3 | 3.5 | 5.6 | 7.6 | 10.0 | 14.7 | 1.1 | 3.3 | 5.8 | 9.5 | 21.7 |
| Total calorie (kcal)b | 1,570 | 1,529 | 1,531 | 1,555 | 1,599 | 1,638 | 1,542 | 1,521 | 1,549 | 1,599 | 1,641 |
| Vegetables (g/1000 kcal)b | 188.0 | 227.4 | 190.1 | 180.5 | 175.5 | 168.5 | 227.0 | 190.6 | 181.1 | 175.7 | 167.6 |
| Fruits (g/1000 kcal)b | 234.3 | 317.0 | 263.5 | 230.7 | 198.3 | 162.2 | 298.4 | 249.6 | 225.4 | 207.1 | 191.1 |
| Total fat (g/1000kcal)b | 33.3 | 27.0 | 31.0 | 33.5 | 35.9 | 39.2 | 28.4 | 31.9 | 34.0 | 35.5 | 36.9 |
| Saturated fat (g/1000kcal)b | 10.3 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 11.2 | 12.4 | 8.6 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 11.0 | 11.4 |
| Alcohol (g/d)b | 5.8 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 4.9 |
| Total vitamin C (mg/d)b,e | 488.7 | 638.5 | 522.5 | 471.5 | 426.2 | 384.9 | 615.4 | 506.8 | 462.9 | 436.9 | 421.7 |
| Total vitamin E (mg/d)b,e | 86.4 | 107.8 | 91.2 | 84.5 | 77.8 | 71.1 | 104.0 | 89.5 | 82.9 | 78.8 | 77.1 |
| Heme iron (mg/1000kcal)b | 161.6 | 61.6 | 103.4 | 141.9 | 192.2 | 308.7 | 84.9 | 127.1 | 157.3 | 188.7 | 249.8 |
a
Intake density (g/1,000 kcal)
b
p < 0.05 by quintiles of total red meat and total processed meat intakes
c
p < 0.05 by quintiles of total red meat intake
d
At least one mammographic screening in the past three years. Information was collected in the second questionnaire installed within six months following the baseline questionnaire.
e
Intake from diet and dietary supplements