Table 4.

Partial Correlation Coefficients (Adjusted for Square Root of Household Income and Square Root of Mother’s Education) for Developmental¹ and Physical Dysmorphology Variables with Selected Maternal Drinking Measures During Pregnancy from Four Rural South African Communities

Child Trait		Reported Drinking During Pregnancy	Drinks Per Drinking Day (log)	Drinks Per Week (log)	3 or more Drinks Per Occasion During Pregnancy	5 or more Drinks Per Occasion During Pregnancy
	Partial r	−.164	−.162	−.161	−.134	−.077
Verbal abilitya (log)	p	.001	.001	.001	.006	.116
	N	427	428	426	415	415
	Partial r	−.148	−.156	−.156	−.179	−.104
Non-verbal abilityb (log)	p	.002	.001	.001	<.001	.033
	N	426	427	425	414	424
	Partial r	−.172	−.182	−.158	−.151	−.088
WISC-IV digit span (log)	p	<.001	<.001	<.001	.002	.073
	N	426	427	425	414	414
	Partial r	.134	.068	.105	.109	.062
Behaviorc (sqrt)	p	.006	.163	.060	.026	.210
	N	425	426	424	414	414
	Partial r	.156	.144	.128	.144	.077
Inattention problems (sqrt)	p	.001	.003	.008	.003	.116
	N	425	426	424	414	414
	Partial r	.385	.429	.427	.376	.336
Dysmorphology score	p	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001
	N	436	437	425	424	424

¹All scores standardized for age of child at time of testing

^aTests of the Reception of Grammar (TROG).

^bRaven Coloured Progressive Matrices

^cPersonal Behavior Checklist (PBCL-36).