TABLE 2.
Clinical Phenotypes and Associated Lymphatic Findings
Clinical Presentation* | Lymphatic Abnormalities |
---|---|
Cancer and tumor metastasis | Lymphatic invasion |
Conjunctival myxoma | Lymphatic dilation |
Conjunctival Lymphangiectasia | Lymphatic dilation |
Chemosis | Lymphatic defects or blockade |
Mustard gas keratitis | Conjunctival lymphatic dilation |
Corneal inflammation | Lymphangiogenesis |
Transplant rejection | Lymphatic drainage |
Orbital cellulitis | Impaired lymphatic drainage |
Pilomatricoma | Lymphatic dilation |
Chalazion | Flattened lymphatics |
Dermatochalasis | Lymphatic dilation |
Blepharochalasis | Lymphatic proliferation and dilation |
Avian myopia | Lymphatic distension |
Harlequin and Horner syndromes | Lymphatic surgery complication |
Hyperthyroidism/Myxedema | Lymphatic dilation |
Lymphatic filariasis | Lymphatic dissemination |
Toxoplasmosis | Lymphatic dissemination |
Tuberculosis | Lymphatic dissemination |
Trichinosis | Lymphatic dissemination |
Conjunctival kaposi’s sarcoma | Lymphovascular neoplasm |
Meige syndrome/Conjunctival edema | Lymphatic structural defects |
Milroy’s disease/Eyelid and conjunctival edema | Lymphedema |
Lymphedema-ptosis syndrome | Lymphedema |
Lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome | Lymphatic hyperplasia |
Lymphedema-hypoparathyroidism syndrome | Lymphedema |
Mucke syndrome/Conjunctival edema | Lymphedema |
Chorioretinal dysplasia-lymphedema syndrome | Lymphedema |
Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome/Eyelid edema | Lymphatic dilatation |
Lymphedematous rosacea/Eyelid edema | Impaired lymphatic drainage |
Turner’s syndrome/Conjunctival chemosis | Lymphangiectasis |
Noonan syndrome/Ptosis and hypertelorism | Intestinal lymphangiectasia |
Persistent müllerian derivatives | Intestinal lymphangiectasia |
Behcet’s disease | Intestinal lymphangiectasia |
Venous-lymphatic malformations/Lymphangiomas | Lymphatic malformation |
Local forms or systemic diseases with ocular manifestations.