The infusion of 10 µl autologous whole blood into the striatum of mice produces significant increases in brain edema and swelling at 72 h. Age- and weight-matched C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated into two groups: intracerebral hemorrhage group (ICH) and needle insertion only group (sham). (A) Seventy-two hours after infusion of blood, brain water content in the ipsilateral basal ganglia (Ipsi-BG) of the ICH group was significantly higher than that that of the sham group; no differences in brain water content were observed between the two groups in the contralateral basal ganglia (Cont-BG), ipsilateral cortex (Ipsi-CX), contralateral cortex (Cont-CX), or cerebellum (Cerebel) (n = 6/group, *p < 0.01 compared to sham group). (B) Hemispheric enlargement, determined by quantitative image analysis, was significantly greater in the ICH group than in the sham group (n = 6/group, **p < 0.001 compared to sham group). Values are means ± SD.