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. 2016 Jan 4;113(3):E319–E327. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1510518113

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

Combination therapy with vaccination improves survival and inhibits Th2-polarization in CD4 T cells in a mammary carcinoma model. TUBO mammary carcinoma cells were implanted on day 0 into the flank of female BALB/c mice. Tumor-bearing mice were given control rat IgG on days 10 and 14, vaccine [anti–DEC-205/HER2/poly(I:C)] on days 10 and 14, combination aOX40 on days 10 and 14/aCTLA-4 on days 10, 12, and 14, or both vaccine and combination immunotherapy. (A and B) Tumor growth (A) and survival (B) were monitored over time. Graphs depict the mean ± SEM for three independent experiments combined (n = 15–25 per group). (C–E) CD4 (C) and CD8 (D and E) T cells were purified and sorted from the lymph nodes of tumor-bearing mice 7 d after the end of therapy (day 21). Cells were stimulated in vitro with anti-CD3 for 4 h, and supernatants were collected. Cytokine and chemokine levels were determined by multiplex ELISA. Graphs depict the mean ± SEM for two independent experiments (n = 4 per group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.