Table 1. Baseline patient and lesion characteristics.
| Variable | Primary lesion | P-value | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Differentiated cancer | Undifferentiated cancer | |||
| Patients, n | 1,447 | 113 | 1,560 | |
| Lesions, n | 1,478 | 114 | 1,592 | |
| Age, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| ≤65 years | 806 (55.7) | 85 (75.2) | 891 (57.1) | |
| >65 years | 641 (44.3) | 28 (24.8) | 669 (42.9) | |
| Sex, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 1,094 (75.6) | 61 (54.0) | 1,155 (74.0) | |
| Female | 353 (24.4) | 52 (46.0) | 405 (26.0) | |
| Helicobacter pylori infectiona,b | 0.024 | |||
| Absence | 226 (21.4) | 12 (11.9) | 238 (20.6) | |
| Presence | 831 (78.6) | 89 (88.1) | 920 (79.4) | |
| Atrophy and intestinal metaplasiac | < 0.001 | |||
| None | 158 (10.9) | 28 (24.8) | 186 (11.9) | |
| Atrophic gastritis without IM | 391 (27.0) | 42 (37.2) | 433 (27.8) | |
| Atrophic gastritis with IM | 898 (62.1) | 43 (38.1) | 941 (60.3) | |
| Location, n (%) | 0.016 | |||
| Upper third | 104 (7.0) | 9 (7.9) | 113 (7.1) | |
| Middle third | 271 (18.3) | 33 (28.9) | 304 (19.1) | |
| Lower third | 1,103 (74.6) | 72 (63.2) | 1,175 (73.8) | |
| Tumor size, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| ≤10 mm | 703 (47.6) | 67 (57.8) | 770 (48.4) | |
| 10–20 mm | 519 (35.1) | 47 (41.2) | 566 (35.6) | |
| >20 mm | 256 (17.3) | 0 (0.0) | 256 (16.1) | |
| Presence of ulcer, n (%) | 69 (4.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.008 | 69 (4.3) |
| Depth of invasion, n (%) | 0.006 | |||
| Mucosa | 1,385 (93.7) | 114 (100.0) | 1,499 (94.2) | |
| Submucosa (<500 μm) | 93 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) | 93 (5.8) | |
aH. pylori infection was tested by using a rapid urease test, a urea breath test, and histologic examination.
bData for H. pylori infection status were missing in 390 and 12 patients in the differentiated and undifferentiated cancer groups, respectively.
cAtrophy and intestinal metaplasia were assessed considering the endoscopic findings.
IM, intestinal metaplasia