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. 2016 Jan 25;11(1):e0147626. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147626

Table 1. Human biological network focused on ALS.

ALS pathophysiological motives N° of seeds Gene name
Glutamate excitotoxicity 11 SLC1A2, GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3, GRIA4, SOD1, GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIN2C, GRIN2D
Protein misfolding and aggregation 23 SOD1, RNF19A, DERL1, MAP3K5, TARDBP, VCP, CSE1L, GRN, KPNA2, FUS, TNPO1, OPTN, NEFH, PRPH, FIG4, BICD2, ALS2, MTOR, SQSTM1, VAPB, CHMP2B, HSPA1A, HSPA1B
Mitochondrial dysfunction 17 SOD1, KIF5B, MAPK11, MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13, MAPK14, DCTN1, KIFAP3, BCL2, Bcl-xL, XIAP, BAD, BAX, cytochrome c, caspase-3, caspase-9, ANG
Oxidative Stress 6 SOD1, RAC1, NOX1, ERO1L, P4HB, PDIA3
Defective RNA processing 9 ANG, ELP3, FUS, FUS, SETX, SMN1, TARDBP, RGNEF, ATXN2, C9orf72
Glial activation 15 SLC1A2, SOD1, VEGFA, VEGFA, VEGFB, TNF, IL1B, CHGA, CHGB, SCG2, CD14, TLR2, IL4, IGF1, CX3CR1, CX3CL1
Total number of seeds 81
Unique seeds 72