Table 1. Weighted numbers and percent distribution of socio-demographic and sexual risk characteristics among male and female respondents, ZDHS 2010–11.
| Background characteristics | Women | Men | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | |
| Age | ||||
| 15–19 | 1,553 | 21.2 | 1,569 | 23.8 |
| 20–24 | 1,463 | 20.0 | 1.204 | 18.3 |
| 25–29 | 1,354 | 18.5 | 1.082 | 16.4 |
| 30–34 | 1,010 | 13.8 | 844 | 12.8 |
| 35–39 | 843 | 11.5 | 712 | 10.8 |
| 40–44 | 588 | 8.1 | 506 | 7.7 |
| 45–49 | 501 | 6.9 | 333 | 5.1 |
| 50–54 | - | - | 334 | 5.1 |
| Education level | ||||
| no education | 168 | 2.3 | 67 | 1.0 |
| Primary | 2,156 | 29.5 | 1,603 | 24.4 |
| Secondary | 4,688 | 64.1 | 4,495 | 68.3 |
| Higher | 300 | 4.1 | 419 | 6.4 |
| Wealth index | ||||
| Poorest | 1,375 | 18.8 | 1,092 | 16.6 |
| Poorer | 1,411 | 19.3 | 1,259 | 19.1 |
| Middle | 1,457 | 19.9 | 1,351 | 20.5 |
| Richer | 1,527 | 20.9 | 1,465 | 22.3 |
| Richest | 1,544 | 21.1 | 1,419 | 21.5 |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 2,297 | 31.4 | 1,966 | 29.9 |
| Rural | 5,015 | 68.6 | 4,618 | 70.1 |
| Province | ||||
| Manicaland | 1,005 | 13.7 | 927 | 14.1 |
| Mashonaland Central | 768 | 10.5 | 746 | 11.3 |
| Mashonaland East | 740 | 10.1 | 690 | 10.5 |
| Mashonaland West | 863 | 11.8 | 865 | 13.1 |
| Matabeleland North | 353 | 4.8 | 322 | 4.9 |
| Matabeleland South | 407 | 5.6 | 346 | 5.3 |
| Midlands | 939 | 12.8 | 860 | 13.1 |
| Masvingo | 757 | 10.4 | 566 | 8.6 |
| Harare | 1,122 | 15.3 | 967 | 14.7 |
| Bulawayo | 360 | 4.9 | 295 | 4.5 |
| Religion | ||||
| Christians | 3,917 | 54.0 | 2,971 | 45.1 |
| Apostolic sect | 2,843 | 39.0 | 1,800 | 27.3 |
| Traditional | 49 | 0.7 | 316 | 4.8 |
| None | 466 | 6.4 | 1,455 | 22.1 |
| Muslim | 36 | 0.5 | 37 | 0.6 |
| Other | 2 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.1 |
| Union status | ||||
| never in union | 1,694 | 23.2 | 2,853 | 43.3 |
| currently in union | 4,569 | 62.5 | 3,428 | 52.1 |
| formerly in union | 1,049 | 14.0 | 303 | 4.6 |
| ANC visit | ||||
| no birth in last 5yrs | 3,700 | 50.6 | - | - |
| no visit | 290 | 4.0 | - | - |
| yes: visited | 3,323 | 45.4 | - | - |
| Partner visited ANC for birth in past 2 years | ||||
| no birth | - | - | 3,126 | 47.5 |
| birth, but in >2yrs | - | - | 1,743 | 26.5 |
| no ANC visit/don't know | - | - | 208 | 3.2 |
| had ANC visit | - | - | 1,507 | 22.9 |
| Age at first sex | ||||
| never had sex | 1,269 | 17.4 | 1,573 | 23.9 |
| <16 yrs | 976 | 13.4 | 521 | 7.9 |
| 16–17yrs | 1,737 | 23.8 | 890 | 13.5 |
| 18–19 | 1,615 | 22.1 | 1,245 | 18.9 |
| 20+ | 1,652 | 22.6 | 2,238 | 34.0 |
| don't know | 63 | 0.9 | 117 | 1.8 |
| Ever had paid sex | ||||
| No | - | - | 5,417 | 82.3 |
| Yes | - | - | 1,167 | 17.7 |
| No. of lifetime sexual partners | ||||
| 0 | 1,269 | 17.4 | 1,573 | 23.9 |
| 1 | 3,867 | 52.9 | 882 | 13.4 |
| 2 | 1,345 | 18.4 | 867 | 13.2 |
| 3–4 | 608 | 8.3 | 1,337 | 20.3 |
| 5 | 223 | 3.1 | 1,925 | 29.2 |
| Consistent condom use in the past last 12 months | ||||
| Never had sex | 2,327 | 31.8 | 2,078 | 31.6 |
| No | 482 | 6.6 | 3,656 | 55.5 |
| Yes | 4,504 | 61.6 | 850 | 12.9 |
| Had an STI in the past 12 months | ||||
| No | 7,083 | 96.9 | 6,411 | 97.4 |
| Yes | 224 | 3.1 | 166 | 2.5 |
| don't know | 6 | 0.1 | 7 | 0.1 |
| HIV status | ||||
| HIV-negative | 6,018 | 82.2 | 5,750 | 87.3 |
| HIV-positive | 1,295 | 17.7 | 834 | 12.7 |
| Comprehensive knowledge of HIV | ||||
| No | 3,204 | 43.8 | 3,075 | 46.7 |
| Yes | 4,109 | 56.2 | 3,509 | 53.3 |
| Comprehensive accepting attitudes towards HIV | ||||
| No | 4,501 | 61.6 | 4,057 | 61.6 |
| Yes | 2,812 | 38.5 | 2,528 | 38.4 |
| Total | 7,313 | 100 | 6,584 | 100 |
ANC = ante-natal care; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; ZDHS = Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey; STI = sexually transmitted infections
NB: Weighted numbers and percentages in the table above may not always add up to the totals shown in the last row of the table because of rounding-off errors.