. 2016 Jan 26;7:2. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00002

Table 3.

Results of pair-wise tests of fitness characteristics for individual regeneration types and ontogenic stages: (A) Number of all seeds; (B) Number of viable seeds; (C) Ratio viable/all seeds; and (D) Annual immediate reproduction B. vulgaris and B. stricta, were tested separately.

	B. vulgaris		B. stricta
	t_ps	p	t_ps	p
A. NUMBER OF ALL SEEDS
FRG R1 vs. S R1	5.20	^***	1.57	n.s.
FRG R2 vs. S R2	3.21	^***	2.17	^*
FRG REP vs. S REP	1.87	n.s.	1.84	n.s.
FRG R1 vs. NO INJURY	3.37	^**	2.08	^*
FRG R2 vs. NO INJURY	0.54	n.s.	0.48	n.s.
FRG REP vs. NO INJURY	0.85	n.s.	6.14	^***
S R1 vs. NO INJURY	1.82	n.s.	0.51	n.s.
S R2 vs. NO INJURY	3.45	^***	4.60	^***
S REP vs. NO INJURY	2.40	^*	5.01	^***
B. NUMBER OF VIABLE SEEDS
FRG R1 vs. S R1	4.79	^***	1.96	n.s.
FRG R2 vs. S R2	1.16	n.s.	0.74	n.s.
FRG REP vs. S REP	1.81	n.s.	1.94	n.s.
FRG R1 vs. NO INJURY	4.07	^***	1.30	n.s.
FRG R2 vs. NO INJURY	2.13	^*	1.28	n.s.
FRG REP vs. NO INJURY	0.19	n.s.	2.37	^*
S R1 vs. NO INJURY	1.63	n.s.	3.51	^***
S R2 vs. NO INJURY	3.07	^**	0.50	n.s.
S REP vs. NO INJURY	1.90	n.s.	0.05	n.s.
C. RATIO VIABLE/ALL SEEDS
FRG R1 vs. S R1	0.36	n.s.	4.76	^***
FRG R2 vs. S R2	1.38	n.s.	3.31	^**
FRG REP vs. S REP	0.95	n.s.	2.92	^*
FRG R1 vs. NO INJURY	1.17	n.s.	0.88	n.s.
FRG R2 vs. NO INJURY	0.74	n.s.	3.08	^**
FRG REP vs. NO INJURY	0.12	n.s.	3.78	^***
S R1 vs. NO INJURY	0.57	n.s.	5.37	^***
S R2 vs. NO INJURY	1.12	n.s.	0.41	n.s.
S REP vs. NO INJURY	1.23	n.s.	0.87	n.s.
D. ANNUAL IMMEDIATE REPRODUCTION
FRG R1 vs. S R1	1.66	n.s.	6.79	^***
FRG R2 vs. S R2	1.14	n.s.	0.84	n.s.
FRG REP vs. S REP	0.67	n.s.	2.80	^*
FRG R1 vs. NO INJURY	0.24	n.s.	0.16	n.s.
FRG R2 vs. NO INJURY	3.03	^**	0.84	n.s.
FRG REP vs. NO INJURY	3.45	^***	3.20	^***
S R1 vs. NO INJURY	1.01	n.s.	6.16	^***
S R2 vs. NO INJURY	2.29	^*	0.10	n.s.
S REP vs. NO INJURY	2.16	^*	0.44	n.s.

Degrees of freedom (d.f.), pseudo t-test values (t_ps) and significance range are shown.

p < 0.05;

^**

p < 0.01,

^***

p < 0.00, n.s.—non-significant. FRG, enforced ramets; S, seed bank; R1, seeds sowed or roots of mother plant fragmented in first-year rosette phase; R2, seeds sowed or roots of mother plant fragmented in second-year rosette phase. REP, seeds sowed or roots of mother plant fragmented in reproductive phase. NO INJURY, control unfragmented plants. Full descriptions of regeneration types and ontogenetic phases (and their abbreviations) are in Table 1.