Figure 2.

Western blotting shows the dose-dependent effect of PA on FN expression in TNF-α-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The cells were pretreated with PA (0.15, 0.45 and 1.35 mM) for 18 h and then activated with TNF-α (2 ng/ml) for 6 h. PA, protocatechuic aldehyde; FN, fibronectin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.