Table 2.
Measures of adherence to CVD prevention guidelines
| Adherence category | Total (n = 309) | Primary prevention (n = 204) | Secondary prevention (n = 105) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lifestyle adherence | ||||
| Recommended dieta | 159 (52.7 %) | 105 (52.2 %) | 54 (53.5 %) | 0.84 |
| Non-smoking | 296 (95.8 %) | 195 (95.6 %) | 101 (96.2 %) | 0.80 |
| Physically active | 217 (70.5 %) | 154 (75.5 %) | 63 (60.6 %) | 0.007* |
| Clinical target attainment | ||||
| HbA1c ≤7.0 % | 103 (35.0 %) | 74 (38.1 %) | 29 (29.0 %) | 0.12 |
| Blood pressure ≤130/80 mmHgb | 76 (47.8 %) | 53 (50.5 %) | 23 (42.6 %) | 0.35 |
| LDL-C ≤ 2.0 mmol/L | 150 (57.7 %) | 95 (54.6 %) | 55 (64.0 %) | 0.15 |
| Optimal BMI <25.0 kg/m2 | 149 (50 %) | 101 (51.0 %) | 48 (48.0 %) | 0.62 |
| Pharmacotherapy adherence | ||||
| RAS inhibitorc | 221 (72.5 %) | 144 (72.0 %) | 77 (73.3 %) | 0.80 |
| Statin | 220 (72.1 %) | 131 (65.5 %) | 89 (84.8 %) | <0.001* |
| Among participants Age <75d | 190 (72.0 %) | 117 (65.0 %) | 73 (86.9 %) | <0.001* |
| Total adherence | ||||
| Median percentage of targets met | 62.5 (50.0, 75.0) | 62.5 (50.0, 75.0) | 62.5 (50.0, 77.8) | 0.93 |
Data presented as proportion n (%) achieving adherence, calculated as percentage of available data. P values for comparison are calculated using the Mann–Whitney U or χ2-test, depending on variable distribution
aRecommended diet measured by self-reported consumption of fruits and vegetables in addition to moderate consumption of dietary carbohydrates and fats
bMissing blood pressure: 150 (49 %) missing
cRASi includes usage of at least one of ARB and ACEi, percentages calculated out of only for participants who are eligible for RASi (see Methods)
dStatin use percentages calculated out of only participants under age 75 (n = 264), instead of whole cohort (n = 309)
* Statistically significant p < 0.05