Table 2.
Trypanosoma cruzi infection among captive primates kept at Brasília zoo, Federal District, Brazil: primate characteristics and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) results
| Number | Species | Origin | State | Year of birth or arrival at ZooB | qPCRa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First | Second | |||||
| 1 | Alouatta seniculus | IBAMA | AC | 2010 | 0.000 | ND |
| 2 | Aotus nigriceps b | Born at ZooB | DF | 2010 | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| 3 | Aotus nigriceps b | Born at ZooB | DF | 2012 | 1.051 | 0.002 |
| 4 | Aotus nigriceps | IBAMA | AC | 2006 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 5 | Aotus nigriceps b | Born at ZooB | DF | 2009 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 6 | Aotus nigriceps | ND | ND | 2007 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 7 | Callicebus cupreus | AIPU | MA | 2006 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 8 | Callithrix geoffroyi | Jequitinhonha | MG | 2010 | 0.000 | 0.012 |
| 9 | Callithrix penicillata | IBAMA | DF | 2012 | 0.039 | ND |
| 10 | Callithrix penicillata | IBAMA | DF | 2008 | 0.025 | 0.001 |
| 11 | Callithrix penicillata | IBAMA | ND | 2008 | 0.029 | Dead |
| 12 | Callithrix penicillata | IBAMA | DF | 2012 | ND | 0.105 |
| 13 | Callithrix penicillata | IBAMA | DF | 2012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 14 | Leontopithecus chrysomelas | AIPU | MA | 2006 | 0.016 | ND |
| 15 | Leontopithecus chrysomelas | ND | ND | 2007 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 16 | Leontopithecus chrysomelas | Born at ZooB | DF | 1999 | 0.006 | ND |
| 17 | Leontopithecus chrysomelas c | Born at ZooB | DF | 2008 | 0.214 | ND |
| 18 | Leontopithecus chrysomelas d | Born at ZooB | DF | 2013 | ND | 0.007 |
| 19 | Leontopithecus rosalia | AIPU | MA | 2010 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 20 | Mico chrysoleucus | IBAMA | AM | 2008 | 0.025 | 17.000 |
| 21 | Mico argentatus e | AIPU | MA | 2007 | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| 22 | Pithecia irrorata | BH zoo | MG | 2012 | 0.073 | 0.003 |
| 23 | Saguinus imperator | AIPU | MA | 2008 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 24 | Saguinus niger | AIPU | MA | 2007 | 0.003 | 0.018 |
| 25 | Saguinus niger | ND | PA | 2008 | 0.042 | 0.001 |
| 26 | Saguinus niger | AIPU | MA | 2006 | 4.000 | Dead |
a:Parasite equivalents/100 ng DNA; First and Second qPCRs were carried out ~24 months apart. b:Born to qPCR-negative mothers (# 4 and 6). c:Born to qPCR-positive mother (# 16). d:Born to qPCR-negative mother (#15). e:Died in 2015. IBAMA Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Renováveis, ZooB Brasília zoo, AIPU Ararajuba do Ipê primate unit; BH, Belo Horizonte
Brazilian states: AC Acre, AM Amazonas, DF Distrito Federal, MA Maranhão, MG Minas Gerais, PA Pará. ND no data/not done