Box 1. Methods Used to Reduce Blood Loss in Liver Surgery.

Methods Used to Reduce Blood Loss in Liver Surgery
Surgical
Vascular clamping techniques
Inflow occlusion
Continuous Pringle maneuver
Continuous Pringle maneuver after ischemic preconditioning
Intermittent Pringle maneuver
Total vascular occlusion
Dissection devices for transsection of liver parenchyma
Classic methods
Scalpel
‘‘Finger-fracture’’ method
Clamp crushing
Ultrasonic dissection
Hydro-jet dissection
Electro coagulation (Argon coagulation)
Radiofrequency ablation-based devices
Anesthesiologic
Maintaining low central venous pressure by using
Blood products
pharmacologic agents
Antifibrinolytics
Recombinant factor VIIa
Topic hemostatic agents