Table 2.
Performances of straight walking, turning, and secondary cognitive tasks in ST and DT conditions.
| Parameter | Off-medication | On-medication | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Straight walking (ST) | |||
| Gait velocity (m/s) | 1.58 (0.16) | 1.61 (0.16) | 0.03 |
| Step frequency (step/min) | 128 (9) | 129 (13) | 0.25 |
| Double limb support time (%) | 16.3 (4.3) | 16.2 (4.6) | 0.78 |
| Stride length asymmetry (%) | 1.60 (0.54) | 1.50 (0.53) | 0.26 |
| Stride duration variability (SDa) | 0.03 (0.01) | 0.03 (0.01) | 0.78 |
| Double limb support variability (SD) | 2.2 (0.7) | 2.4 (1.0) | 0.27 |
| Straight walking during checking boxes (DT) | |||
| Gait velocity (m/s) | 1.37 (0.17) | 1.35 (0.19) | 0.18 |
| Step frequency (step/min) | 117 (11) | 118 (13) | 0.49 |
| Double limb support time (%) | 19.7 (4.5) | 19.4 (4.9) | 0.56 |
| Stride length asymmetry (%) | 1.87 (0.60) | 1.79 (0.66) | 0.35 |
| Stride duration variability (SDa) | 0.04 (0.02) | 0.04 (0.02) | 0.76 |
| Double limb support variability (SD) | 2.8 (1.2) | 2.5 (1.1) | 0.22 |
| Straight walking during serial subtraction (DT) | |||
| Gait velocity (m/s) | 1.35 (0.21) | 1.37 (0.18) | 0.27 |
| Step frequency (step/min) | 115 (11) | 115 (11) | 0.96 |
| Double limb support time (%) | 19.1 (4.6) | 19.7 (4.2) | 0.77 |
| Stride length asymmetry (%) | 1.64 (0.59) | 1.55 (0.56) | 0.34 |
| Stride duration variability (SDa) | 0.04 (0.03) | 0.04 (0.04) | 0.90 |
| Double limb support variability (SD) | 2.3 (1.6) | 2.3 (1.4) | 0.69 |
| Turning (ST) | |||
| Total duration (s) | 2.4 (1.1) | 2.2 (0.5) | 0.18 |
| Step duration (s) | 0.53 (0.05) | 0.51 (0.05) | 0.048 |
| Number of steps (/turn) | 5.5 (1.1) | 5.3 (1.0) | 0.23 |
| Peak velocity (°/s) | 164 (34) | 173 (37) | 0.04 |
| Last step duration (s) | 0.48 (0.04) | 0.48 (0.04) | 0.18 |
| Turning during checking boxes (DT) | |||
| Total duration (s) | 3.3 (1.0) | 3.7 (1.5) | 0.68 |
| Step duration (s) | 0.66 (0.32) | 0.63 (0.19) | 0.30 |
| Number of steps (/turn) | 6.5 (1.6) | 6.6 (1.9) | 0.90 |
| Peak velocity (°/s) | 130 (32) | 129 (35) | 0.84 |
| Last step duration (s) | 0.53 (0.06) | 0.53 (0.05) | 0.49 |
| Turning during serial subtraction (DT) | |||
| Total duration (s) | 2.8 (1.1) | 2.7 (0.9) | 0.41 |
| Step duration (s) | 0.60 (0.09) | 0.62 (0.20) | 0.41 |
| Number of steps (/turn) | 5.8 (1.8) | 5.4 (1.2) | 0.09 |
| Peak velocity (°/s) | 147 (42) | 154 (40) | 0.31 |
| Last step duration (s) | 0.53 (0.06) | 0.54 (0.08) | 0.63 |
| Secondary tasks | |||
| Number of checked boxes ST (/min) | 89 (16) | 98 (16) | 0.04 |
| Number of checked boxes DT (/min) | 60 (16) | 65 (14) | 0.04 |
| Number of serial subtractions ST (/min) | 27 (16) | 31 (18) | 0.51 |
| Number of serial subtractions DT (/min) | 21 (11) | 22 (11) | 0.85 |
Values are presented with mean and SD. The paired t-test was used for statistical analysis.
aSD, standard deviation of the first 30 steps from straight walking.
ST, single tasking, DT, dual tasking.
The numbers in bold show the significant p-values.