Figure 1.

Schematic of extracellular vesicle (EV) production. Eight T175 culture flasks containing human MSC grown to 80% confluence were given serum-free media with 0.5% ultra-centrifuged BSA for 20 hours and this conditioned media was centrifuged to remove cell debris. An equivalent amount of ultra-centrifuged BSA was diluted with filtered PBS. Both were then separately centrifuged to remove apoptotic bodies before isolating a pellet of extracellular vesicles. The pellet was washed and resuspended in filtered PBS and frozen at -80°C until quantification of total protein content by bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay.