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. 2016 Jan 5;7:10269. doi: 10.1038/ncomms10269

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(a–h) Five-day-old pTIR1:gTIR1-VENUS (a–d) and pAFB2:gAFB2-VENUS (e–h) seedlings were treated with dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO; a,c,e,g) or 10 μM GDA (G; b,d,f,h) for 24 h. The root tip (a,b,e,f) and root hair regions (c,d,g,h) of primary roots are shown. Arrows highlight lateral root primordia. (i) Relative levels of TIR1-VENUS and AFB2-VENUS transcripts (normalized to GAPC2 mRNA level) were determined by qRT–PCR after treating Col-0 seedlings with GDA for various times. Error bars are s.d., n=3. (j) Five-day-old pTIR1:gTIR1:VENUS seedlings were treated with DMSO, 100 μM bortezomib (bort) or both 100 μM bortezomib and 10 μM GDA (G) and remained at 22 °C or shifted to 29 °C for 5 h before imaging. Scale bar, 50 μm.