. 2016 Jan 4;8(1):4. doi: 10.3390/nu8010004

Table 3.

Plasma amino acid (AA) responses (AUC_{0–60 min}) ordered from the strongest to weakest response following the infusions, relative to control ^a,b,c.

AA	C	Treatment			p Value ^c
AA	C	P2.1	P6.3	P12.5	p Value ^c
	*µmol.60 min/L*
Aspartic acid	200	300 ^d,e	500 ^d	7000 ^d	<0.001
Isoleucine	3200	6200 ^d,e	8600 ^d,e	12,100 ^d	<0.001
Leucine	6100	11,700 ^d,e	15,900 ^d,e	21,900 ^d	<0.001
Lysine	9000	14,000 ^d,e	18,000 ^d,e	22,800 ^d	<0.001
Methionine	1100	1700 ^d,e	2100 ^d,e	2900 ^d	<0.001
Tryptophan	2000	300 ^e	300 ^d,e	4000 ^d	<0.001
Tyrosine	2800	3800 ^d,e	4500 ^d,e	5800 ^d	<0.001
Valine	11,300	14,600 ^d,e	17,500 ^d,e	20,800 ^d	<0.001
Phenylalanine	2500	3200 ^d,e	3600 ^d,e	4500 ^d	<0.001
Threonine	5800	7600 ^d,e	9100 ^d	10,500 ^d	<0.001
Asparagine	2700	3500 ^d,e	4200 ^d	4800 ^d	<0.001
Proline	8800	10,700 ^d,e	12,100 ^d,e	14,800 ^d	<0.001
Alanine	14,500	17,000 ^e	19,200 ^d	23,100 ^d	<0.001
Arginine	4600	6100 ^d,e	700 ^d,e	8400 ^d	<0.001
Serine	5200	6500 ^d,e	7400 ^d	8000 ^d	<0.001
Glutamic acid	4900	6100 ^d	6200 ^d	7100 ^d	<0.001
Histidine	3900	4500 ^d,e	4800 ^d,e	5100 ^d	<0.001
Glutamine	31,900	35,100 ^d,e	36,700 ^d	38,100 ^d	<0.001
Glycine	10,800	11,600	12,300 ^d	12,800 ^d	<0.001
Cysteine	100	100	200	100	>0.05
Total	129,000	165,000 ^d,e	190,000 ^d,e	225,000 ^d	<0.001

^a Data are means, and the amino acids (AAs) have been presented in order of most to least concentrated, n = 16; ^b The infusions consisted of either saline (C), or of 2.1 kJ/min (P2.1), 6.5 kJ/min (P6.3), or 12.5 kJ/min (P12.5) of hydrolysed whey protein, each infused at 4 mL/min for 60 min; ^c Main effect of protein load was determined by one-way ANOVA, and post-hoc comparisons between two loads were done using Bonferroni’s correction; statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05; ^d Significantly different from C (p < 0.05); ^e Significantly different from P12.5 (p < 0.05).