Table 7.

RCT conditions where short-term effects of drinking water favor weight management. RQ, respiratory quotient.

Effect of Drinking Water	Conditions for Effect	Type of Drinking Water Exposure
Lower energy intake	Ad libitum food	Drinking water vs. caloric beverages (not only sugar-sweetened beverages)
Greater fat oxidation	At rest or LM exercise Lower insulin	Drinking water vs. caloric beverages (not only sugar-sweetened beverages)
Greater energy expenditure	Obese individuals Fasting At rest Volume ≥500 mL No change in RQ or heart rate	Drinking water vs. no fluid
Greater fat oxidation	Fasting At rest or LM exercise Volume ≥500 mL Lower insulin	Drinking water vs. no fluid

LM, low- to moderate-intensity exercise.