Table 2.
Physical characteristics of offspring at 28 weeks.
| Diet Group | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | HP1 | HF1 | C1 | R | H | |
| Liver (g) | M | 16.1 ± 0.5 | 15.5 ± 0.7 | 17.3 ± 0.7 | 18.8 ± 0.9 | 19.0 ± 1.0 |
| F | 9.5 ± 0.6 | 8.9 ± 0.4 | 9.8 ± 0.8 | 9.0 ± 1.2 | 10.2 ± 1.1 | |
| Stomach (g) | M | 2.7 ± 0.1 | 2.6 ± 0.1 | 2.8 ± 0.1 a | 3.3 ± 0.1 b | 3.1 ± 0.2 b |
| F | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.1 a | 1.9 ± 0.2 b | 2.4 ± 0.3 b | |
| Small Intestine Length (cm) | M | 130.5 ± 1.5 x | 143.8 ± 2.7 y | 125.7 ± 2.4 x,a | 134.8 ± 2.2 b | 133.8 ± 1.3 a,b |
| F | 115.0 ± 3.4 x | 122.8 ± 2.5 y | 116.8 ± 3.7 x,a | 104.6 ± 2.2 b | 122 ± 5.5 a,b | |
| Small Intestine Weight (g) | M | 8.1 ± 0.4 | 8.7 ± 0.4 | 7.9 ± 0.2 | 8.2 ± 0.24 | 8.6 ± 0.13 |
| F | 6.1 ± 0.4 | 6.1 ± 0.4 | 6.8 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 0.64 | 6.3 ± 0.41 | |
| Cecum (g) | M | 1.07 ± 0.1 x | 3.2 ± 0.3 y | 1.01 ± 0.1 x,a | 1.5 ± 0.04 b | 0.63 ± 0.36 a |
| F | 0.74 ± 0.06 x | 2.3 ± 0.3 y | 0.8 ± 0.1 x,a | 1.0 ± 0.19 b | 0.88 ± 0.29 a | |
| Colon Length (cm) | M | 23.5 ± 0.7 x | 26.1 ± 0.9 y | 21.6 ± 0.7 x | 21.1 ± 0.43 | 23.3 ± 0.85 |
| F | 19.6 ± 0.3 x | 24.8 ± 0.4 y | 20.0 ± 0.7 x | 16.4 ± 1.9 | 20.5 ± 1.3 | |
| Colon Weight (g) | M | 2.1 ± 0.1 y | 2.4 ± 0.2 z | 1.8 ± 0.1 x | 1.6 ± 0.05 | 1.9 ± 0.1 |
| F | 1.5 ± 0.1 y | 2.0 ± 0.1 z | 1.3 ± 0.05 x | 1.1 ± 0.13 | 1.3 ± 0.06 | |
| Kidneys (g) | M | 4.0 ± 0.1 y | 3.4 ± 0.1 x | 3.6 ± 0.1 x | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.2 |
| F | 2.4 ± 0.1 y | 2.1 ± 0.1 x | 2.3 ± 0.1 x | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | |
| Nasoanal Length (cm) | M | 28.9 ± 0.16 | 28.6 ± 0.34 | 28.5 ± 0.19 | 28.4 ± 0.16 | 28.8 ± 0.32 |
| F | 24.0 ± 0.41 | 23.5 ± 0.19 | 24.0 ± 0.17 | 23.6 ± 0.27 | 23.8 ± 0.32 | |
HP1, offspring of high protein (HP) dams re-matched to HP in adulthood; HF1, offspring of high prebiotic fiber (HF) dams re-matched to HF in adulthood; C1, offspring of control dams re-matched to control in adulthood; R, reference group no high fat/sucrose (HFS) consumed; H, continued on HFS after other groups re-matched; M, male; F, female. Values are means ± SEM, n = 10 per group except n = 4 for group H. Values with different letters are significantly different from each other: superscripts x,y,z indicate significant difference between C1, HP1, HF1; superscripts a,b indicate significant difference between R, H and C1 (p < 0.05).