Figure 1. Relationship between Oct4 allele pairing and repression during differentiation.

During differentiation of ESC away from pluripotency, Oct4 transcription diminishes. Hogan et al (2015) identified transient pairing between Oct4 homologues that occurred at a particular point in ESC differentiation. Oct4/Sox2 sites within regulatory regions of Oct4 were required for the pairing. In the absence of pairing, Oct4 regulatory sequences failed to be modified by H3K9me2, which normally occurs during Oct4 silencing.