Table 1.
Characteristics of children, by ART status at week 144
| Characteristic | Total (n=279) | ART (n=201) | No ART (n=78) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Week 0 | |||
| Age (years) | 6 (3–8) | 6 (3–8) | 6 (4–8) |
| Male:Female | 165(59):114(41) | 109(54):92(46) | 56(72):22(28) |
| Thai:Cambodian | 167(60):112(40) | 116(58):85(42) | 51(65):27(34) |
| CDC | |||
| N | 4 (1) | 3 (1) | 1 (1) |
| A | 170 (61) | 124 (62) | 46 (59) |
| B | 105 (38) | 74 (37) | 31 (40) |
| CD4% | 20 (17–23) | 19 (17–22) | 21 (18–25) |
| CD4 cell count (cells/mm3) | 620 (449–851) | 610 (425–833) | 694 (543–876) |
| HIV RNA log10 copies/mL | 4.80 (4.35–5.00) | 4.92 (4.70–5.00) | 4.51 (4.01–4.89) |
| Income | |||
| Very low | 26 (9) | 19 (9) | 7 (9) |
| Low | 130 (47) | 93 (46) | 37 (47) |
| Average | 72 (26) | 51 (25) | 21 (27) |
| Above average | 4 (1) | 2 (1) | 2 (3) |
| Unknown | 47 (17) | 36 (18) | 11 (14) |
| Primary caregiver | |||
| Parent | 173 (62) | 127 (63) | 46 (59) |
| Other | 98 (35) | 69 (34) | 29 (37) |
| Unknown | 8 (3) | 5 (3) | 3 (4) |
| Education of primary caregiver | |||
| None | 39 (14) | 28 (14) | 11 (14) |
| Elementary | 122 (44) | 83 (41) | 39 (50) |
| Secondary/vocational school | 92 (33) | 68 (34) | 23 (29) |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 17 (6) | 15 (7) | 2 (3) |
| Unknown | 9 (3) | 6 (3) | 3 (4) |
| VIQ* | 72 (12.2) n=154 | 72 (12.0) n=106 | 74 (12.7) n=48 |
| PIQ* | 79 (12.6) n=156 | 78 (12.1) n=107 | 80 (13.6) n=49 |
| Beery VMI* | 85 (16.3) n=271 | 84 (15.9) n=196 | 88 (17.1) n=75 |
| Color Trail 2 standard score* | 78 (16.4) n=158 | 79 (16.6) n=107 | 77 (16.2) n=55 |
| sCD163 (ng/mL) | 3713 (2665–4650) n=237 | 3806 (2710–4900) n=174 | 3334 (2399–4555) n=63 |
| %CD14+/CD16+/HLA-DR+ | 10.3 (5.4–16.2) n=141 | 10.6 (6.9–16.2) n=105 | 6.7 (4.5–17.0) n=36 |
| %CD14+/CD16+/CD163+ | 4.8 (2.5–16.2) n=137 | 5.3 (2.9–9.3) n=101 | 3.75 (1.7–7.65) n=36 |
| %CD14low/CD16+/CD163+ | 18.7 (9.1–24.5) n=121 | 18.6 (8.3–25.1) n=90 | 20.2 (12.0–24.2) n=31 |
| Week 144 | |||
| Duration of ART | N/A | 144 (119–144) | N/A |
| CD4% | 30 (24–35) | 32 (27–37) | 21 (17–25) |
| CD4 cell count (cells/mm3) | 833 (595–1103) | 938 (749–1182) | 552 (436–711) |
| HIV RNA log10 copies/mL | 1.70 (1.60–3.53) | 1.60 (1.60–1.70) | 4.38 (3.85–4.72) |
| % with HIV RNA <50 copies/mL | 184 (66) | 184 (92) | 0 (0) |
| VIQ | 71 (11.9) n=113 | 70 (11.5) n=77 | 73 (12.5) n=36 |
| PIQ | 83 (14.5) n=114 | 83 (13.9) n=78 | 84 (16.0) n=36 |
| Beery | 86 (14.1) n=267 | 85 (14.6) n=192 | 88 (12.3) n=75 |
| Color Trail 2 standard score | 86 (14.9) n=156 | 85 (14.9) n=105 | 89 (14.8) n=51 |
| sCD163 (ng/mL) | 1468 (784–2792) n=181 | 1049 (648–1724) n=127 | 3348 (2269–4419) n=54 |
| %CD14+/CD16+/HLA-DR+ | 5.8 (3.0–10.0) n=277 | 4.8 (2.5–8.7) n=199 | 7.85 (5.2–12.8) n=78 |
| %CD14+/CD16+/CD163+ | 3.0 (1.3–5.1) n=277 | 2.9 (1.2–4.8) n=199 | 3.55 (1.4–7.1) n=78 |
| %CD14low/CD16+/CD163+ | 11.3 (5.31–19.9) n=181 | 10.95 (5.29–19.9) n=127 | 12.9 (5.6–18.8) n=54 |
Data presented as median (IQR) or n (%), except for neurocognitive test data which is standardised and presented as mean (SD)
*
At time of the first neuropsychological testing: a median of 36 (IQR 0–60) weeks from enrolment CDC: Center for Disease Control and Prevention clinical staging