Table 2.
Clinical Characteristics of Children Enrolled in an Outpatient, Tertiary-Care Structured Clinical Program for Children with Medical Complexity.
| Overall | Arkansas | Wisconsin | Boston | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Developmental delay | 79.3% | 77.6% | 85.0% | 77.7% |
| Feeding difficulties# | 63.6% | 62.7% | 77.0% | 55.4% |
| Gastroesophageal reflux | 52.6% | 54.0% | 57.0% | 47.5% |
| Communication impairment+ | 44.1% | 32.3% | 53.0% | 54.7% |
| Premature* | 43.0% | 51.3% | 32.3% | 38.7% |
| Constipation# | 38.0% | 30.9% | 52.0% | 38.1% |
| Growth problem/underweight | 36.8% | 38.3% | 38.0% | 33.8% |
| Visual impairment+ | 35.5% | 24.4% | 49.0% | 42.0% |
| Dysphagia/difficulty swallowing+ | 33.7% | 51.0% | 23.0% | 16.6% |
| Intellectual disability# | 30.4% | 21.7% | 38.0% | 37.4% |
| Genetic syndrome+ | 29.3% | 19.4% | 37.0% | 38.1% |
| Aspiration | 29.1% | 33.8% | 31.0% | 20.9% |
| Cerebral palsy | 27.3% | 24.9% | 28.0% | 30.2% |
| Bone/joint problem# | 26.1% | 18.9% | 35.0% | 30.2% |
| Oromotor dysfunction/speech production# | 25.3% | 17.9% | 30.3% | 32.4% |
| Asthma | 21.0% | 19.5% | 25.0% | 20.1% |
| Chronic lung disease# | 20.4% | 24.2% | 27.0% | 10.1% |
| Sleep disturbance# | 18.9% | 12.4% | 23.0% | 25.2% |
| Hearing loss | 18.0% | 13.4% | 22.0% | 21.6% |
| Food allergies | 16.6% | 17.4% | 16.0% | 15.8% |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 15.7% | 13.9% | 17.0% | 17.3% |
| Behavioral/emotional difficulties# | 15.7% | 9.5% | 17.0% | 23.7% |
| Kidney problem | 15.2% | 12.4% | 17.0% | 18.0% |
| Chronic pain# | 8.2% | 4.0% | 16.0% | 8.6% |
| Urinary tract infection, recurrent | 8.0% | 7.5% | 10.0% | 7.3% |
| Autism | 5.9% | 3.5% | 9.0% | 7.2% |
| Migraine/headache+ | 5.7% | 2.0% | 15.0% | 4.3% |
| Urinary retention | 5.2% | 3.0% | 9.0% | 5.8% |
| ADHD* | 3.9% | 1.5% | 4.0% | 7.2% |
| Inconsolability | 2.3% | 2.0% | 1.0% | 3.6% |
*
p < .05 between programs
#
p < .01
+
p < .001