Table 2.

Mean direct costs of care per PM patient per year (€, 2011 prices).

Type of cost			Mean direct cost per patient - PM group				Mean difference, €	Confidence interval	P
			U-group, €	Confidence interval	I- group, €	Confidence interval
Investment in the telemedicine application
	Project start up costs
		Nurses' training	—	n/a	1.33	1.18-1.46	1.33	n/a	n/a
		Technicians' training	—	n/a	0.12	0.10-0.13	0.12	n/a	n/a
		Specialists' training	—	n/a	4.90	4.60-5.19	4.90	n/a	n/a
		Total start up costs	—		6.35		6.35
Running costs
	Travel
		Cost of transportation of the patient and caregiver to the hospital for outpatient visits and procedures (borne by LHA)	1.41	-2.30 to 6.92	8.47	-0.87 to 4.10	7.06	-5.92 to 4.52	.79
	Staffing
		Nurses' time used for patient training	—	n/a	4.51	n/a	4.51	n/a	n/a
		Nurses'/technicians' time used for RM	—	n/a	5.51	5.35-5.65	5.51	n/a	n/a
		Specialist's time used for RM	—	n/a	5.21	4.95-5.46	5.21	n/a	n/a
	Changes in the use of health care resources
		Outpatient visits and procedures	312.80	283.95-351.20	335.09	317.33-352.86	22.29	-20.45 to 55.48	.36
		Emergency room admissions	50.08	36.49-63.66	38.19	32.97-43.39	-11.89	-26.42 to 2.63	.11
		Hospitalizations in acute hospitals	816.47	601.18-1031.75	0	n/a	-816.47	-1031.74 to -601.18	<.001
		Medications (distributed by the hospital)	—	n/a	—	n/a	—	n/a	n/a
		Medications (distributed by pharmacies)	595.07	536.41-653.73	569.09	541.44-596.74	-25.98	-90.75 to 38.78	.43
Total running costs			1775.83		966.07		-809.76
Total costs			1775.83	1545.41-2007.28	972.42	938.15-1009.12	-803.41	-1036.32 to -569.11	<.001