Table 1.
Echocardiography results after six weeks of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) injection.
| Parameters | Control (n = 10) | nVLDL (n = 7) | msVLDL (n = 10) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BW (g) | 23.8 ± 2.4 | 22.8 ± 1.7 | 24.6 ± 2.7 | 0.1699 |
| HR (bpm) | 230 ± 20 | 237 ± 59 | 259 ± 38 | 0.5720 |
| Measurement (mm) | ||||
| Ao Root | 1.71 ± 0.12 | 1.68 ± 0.07 | 1.69 ± 0.13 | 0.9274 |
| LA | 1.64 ± 0.23 | 1.84 ± 0.13 | 2.18 ± 0.24 $,# | <0.0001 |
| IVSd | 0.91 ± 0.13 | 0.76 ± 0.09 * | 0.78 ± 0.06 $ | 0.0054 |
| LVIDd | 3.13 ± 0.30 | 3.78 ± 0.19 * | 3.78 ± 0.20 $ | <0.0001 |
| LVPWd | 0.87 ± 0.10 | 0.85 ± 0.16 | 0.77 ± 0.11 | 0.2141 |
| LVIDs | 2.11 ± 0.33 | 2.59 ± 0.23 * | 2.77 ± 0.36 $ | 0.0003 |
| Calculation | ||||
| EF (%) | 62.5 ± 7.7 | 59.8 ± 8.1 | 52.9 ± 9.6 $ | 0.0529 |
| FS (%) | 32.9 ± 5.4 | 31.5 ± 5.4 | 27.0 ± 6.5 | 0.0853 |
| LV Mass (mg) | 92.3 ± 13.4 | 107.6 ± 16.2 | 102.7 ± 9.0 | 0.0553 |
| LVEDV (µL) | 39.3 ± 8.8 | 61.3 ± 7.2 * | 61.6 ± 7.9 $ | <0.0001 |
| LVESV (µL) | 15.1 ± 5.7 | 24.6 ± 5.4 * | 29.5 ± 8.6 $ | 0.0004 |
BW, body weight; HR, heart rate; Ao Root, aortic root diameter; LA, left atrium diameter; IVSd, end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness; LVIDd, end-diastolic LV internal dimension; LVPWd, end-diastolic LV posterior wall thickness; LVIDs, end-systolic LV internal dimension; EF, ejection fraction; FS, fraction shortening; LV, left ventricle; LVEDV, LV end-diastolic volume; LVESD, LV end-systolic volume; * Comparisons significant for nVLDL vs. Control; $ Comparisons significant for msVLDL vs. Control; # Comparison significant for msVLDL vs. nVLDL.