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. 2016 Jan 27;7:8. doi: 10.1186/s13293-016-0062-1

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© Mohammadi et al. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — EFS-induced bladder detrusor muscle contractility in adult male rats following ELS. a Representative traces of nerve-mediated detrusor urinary bladder contractility in response to EFS (4 Hz) in adult male rats following neonatal conditioning. b In the bladder detrusor muscle isolated from adult male rats following neonatal adversity, EFS caused a frequency-dependent increase in the amplitude of the bladder detrusor muscle contractile response. In adult male rats experiencing neonatal predictable odor shock (n = 6), or unpredictable odor shock (n = 6), there was no differences in the amplitude of the bladder detrusor muscle contractility response compared to odor only controls (n = 6). (n value is shown as the number of animals)