Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of studies included in the review
| Study | n | Age | Country | Female (%) | Married (%) | Population | Language | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min | Max | Mean | SD | |||||||
| Girtler, et al. (2010)a [26] | 178 | – | – | 63.9 | 14.6 | Italy | – | – | Community–dwelling | Italian |
| Goins, et al. (2013)b [25] | 160 | – | – | 67.9 | 9.9 | USA | 68.8 | 47.8 | American Indians | English |
| Lamond, et al. (2008) [24]b | 1395 | 60 | 91 | 72.7 | 7.2 | USA | 100 | – | Community-dwelling | English |
| Resnick & Inguito (2011)a [28] | 163 | 67 | 99 | 86.3 | 5.8 | USA | – | – | Continuing care retirement community | English |
| 101 | 65 | 97 | 80.0 | 7.6 | USA | – | – | Continuing care retirement community | English | |
| Tomas, et al. (2012)c [30] | 133 | 60 | 84 | 71.7 | 6.9 | Spain | – | 66.9 | Community-dwelling | Spanish |
| von Eisenhart Rothe, et al. (2013)a [27] | 3712 | 64 | 94 | 72.0 | 5.8 | Germany | 52.0 | – | Community-dwelling | German |
aValidation of Resilience Scale 37
bValidation of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) 15
cValidation of Brief Resilient Coping Scale 17