Table 1.

Baseline Preoperative and Intraoperative Patient Characteristics. Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range) while nominal variables are presented as n (percentages).

Patient Characteristic/Comorbidity	BTX (n = 24)	Placebo (n = 22)	P value
Age	58.3 (52.6-67.9)	61.9 (48.4-67.3)	.88
Male gender	13% (54%)	17 (77%)	.13
BMI	26.3 (19.9-30.7)	30.0 (26.9-32.9)	.032
Lowest systolic blood pressure	81 (67-91)	76 (70-87)	.71
Highest heart rate	114 (104-129)	130 (100-147)	.45
Highest temperature (C)	38.1 (37.3-39.2)	37.8 (37.0-38.7)	.36
Greatest base deficit	−6 (−10—4)	−5 (−14—2)	>.99
Highest lactate (mmol/L)	3.5 (1.8-4.2)	4.4 (2.1-7.0)	.93
Highest white blood cell count	15.4 (12.0-23.5)	15.3 (11.9-20.6)	.53
Lowest pre-op hemoglobin	9.2 (7.9-11.2)	9.3 (7.9-13.2)	>.99
Highest pre-op INR	1.3 (1.1-1.5)	1.4 (1.3-2.0)	.18
CAD or CHF	7 (29)	9 (41)	.54
Diabetes mellitus	5 (21)	3 (14)	.70
Hypertension	13 (54)	12 (55)	>.99
Chronic Renal Insufficiency	5 (21)	4 (18)	>.99
Tobacco use within 30 days	6 (26)	7 (35)	.74
Anticoagulated*	6 (25)	8 (40)	.34
Prior Abdominal Operation	14 (61)	10 (48)	.55
History of steroid use	3 (13)	2 (9)	>.99
ASA score ≥ 3	21 (88)	19 (86)	.43
Intra-op packed Red Blood Cells (units)	8.0 (1.0-16.9)	4.8 (0-4.3)	.18
Emergency laparotomy	20 (83)	16 (76)	.71
Bowel viable	10 (42)	11 (50)	.77
Contamination	6 (25)	4 (18)	.73
Septic shock	2 (8)	1 (5)	>.99
Hemorrhagic shock	8 (33)	8 (36)	>.99
Abdominal compartment syndrome	6 (25)	1 (5)	.10
Bowel resection	13 (57)	15 (68)	.54
Prior Abdominal Operation	14 (61)	10 (48)	.55

BMI – body mass index; INR – International Normalized Ratio; ASA – American Society of Anesthesiologists; CAD – coronary artery disease; CHF – congestive heart failure; INR – international normalized ratio

^*Anticoagulated with clopidogrel, warfarin, or heparin