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. 2015 Jul 27;88(1054):20150185. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20150185

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© 2015 The Authors. Published by the British Institute of Radiology

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial 4.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/, which permits unrestricted non-commercial reuse, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 1. — Nanoparticle (NP) radiolabelling strategies: a variety of NP labelling approaches have been applied for imaging applications, as demonstrated using the lipid bilayer of liposomal NPs and quantum dot. (a) Radiometal chelation to the particle surface, using pre-formed particles. (b) Direct association of the radioisotope with the NPs surface (inset shows phosphate heads of surrounding lipids associating with a zirconium ion). (c) Entrapment of radioisotope or radiotracers within the core of a NPs. (d) Radioisotope may also be directly incorporated into particles during its formulation, such as ¹⁰⁹Cd into a CdSe/ZnSe QD.⁷ DPPC, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.