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. 2015 Dec 21;126(2):560–570. doi: 10.1172/JCI79197

Figure 1. SNARK expression in skeletal muscle.

Figure 1

(A) SNARK protein was measured in C2C12 myoblasts (MB) and following 1 to 4 days of exposure to differentiation media (2% horse serum). AMPK is shown as a loading control. (B) Four-day differentiated C2C12 myotubes were exposed to 250 μM palmitate (PA) or vehicle (ethanol in 2% BSA) for 48 hours, and SNARK protein was measured. GAPDH is shown as a loading control. Average results (n = 3) of 3 experimental replicates are shown for A and B. (C) Skeletal muscle Snark expression was measured in C57BL/6 mice that were fed chow (control) or treated with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks (n = 8 per group). (D) Skeletal muscle SNARK expression (relative to GAPDH housekeeping gene) was measured in young (age 22 ± 1 yr; n = 8) and older (age 78 ± 5 yr; n = 7) men. *P < 0.05 determined by 1-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test (A) and t tests (B–D). Error bars indicate mean ± SEM.