Histological diagnosis group |
Cardiac sarcoidosis is confirmed when endomyocardial biopsy specimens demonstrate non-caseating epithelioid granulomas with histological or clinical diagnosis of extra-cardiac sarcoidosis |
Clinical diagnosis group |
Although endomyocardial biopsy specimens do not demonstrate non-caseating epithelioid granulomas, extra-cardiac sarcoidosis is diagnosed histologically or clinically and satisfies the following condition and more than one in six basic diagnostic criteria: |
(I) Two or more of the four major criteria are satisfied |
(II) One in four of the major criteria and two or more of the five minor criteria are satisfied |
Major criteria |
Advanced AV block |
Basal thinning of the interventricular septum |
Positive Gallium-67 uptake in the heart |
Depressed left ventricular ejection fraction <50% |
Minor criteria |
Abnormal ECG findings: ventricular arrhythmias (VT or multifocal or frequent PVCs), complete RBBB, axis deviation, or abnormal Q waves |
Abnormal ECHO: wall motion abnormality or morphological abnormality (aneurysm or wall thickening or ventricular dilation) |
Perfusion defects on nuclear imaging: thallium-201, technetium 99m SPECT |
Delayed gadolinium enhancement on CMR |
Interstitial fibrosis or monocyte infiltration on cardiac biopsy |