Figure 7. Combination Raman modes of turbostratic graphene compared to reported literature values.

The TS₁ (circles) & TS₂ (triangles) peak positions for different PVD deposition temperatures, shown with black markers. The SLG (blue) and IBLG (red) where added from Rao et al.³⁰ and Cong et al.³¹ for reference. The peak positions of TS₁ and TS₂ are blue-shifted from the SLG and IBLG values. At 1100 °C growth temperatures, the TS₁ peak nearly matches the position observed from IBLG while the TS₂ peak remains blue-shifted from IBLG peak positions. The purple vertical dashed line represents the absence of prominent peaks for AB Bernal MLG.