Table 1. Prevalence of white-nose syndrome and Pseudogymnoascus destructans infection in bat species from the Holarctic region.
| Region | Bat species | Screened | WNS qPCR+ | WNS UV+ | WNS histo+ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | n | qPCR+ (%) ± s.e. | n | UV+ (%) ± s.e. | n | histo+ (%) ± s.e. | ||
| Slovenia | Miniopterus schreibersii | 21 | 20 | 100 ± 7.1 | 21 | 47.62 ± 10.9 | 6 | 16.67 ± 20.05 |
| Myotis emarginatus | 3 | 0 | NA ± NA | 3 | 100 ± 32.22 | 3 | 100 ± 32.22 | |
| Myotis myotis | 11 | 10 | 100 ± 13.21 | 11 | 63.64 ± 12.16 | 4 | 0 ± 26.89 | |
| Rhinolophus euryale | 14 | 14 | 64.29 ± 9.83 | 14 | 28.57 ± 9.83 | 1 | 100 ± 48.47 | |
| Total | 49 | 44 | 88.1 ± 4.88 | 49 | 59.96 ± 7 | 14 | 54.17 ± 13.32 | |
| Czech Republic | Barbastella barbastellus | 18 | 17 | 64.71 ± 11.59 | 18 | 50 ± 11.79 | 4 | 75 ± 26.89 |
| Eptesicus nilssonii | 3 | 2 | 50 ± 39.61 | 2 | 0 ± 39.61 | 1 | 100 ± 48.47 | |
| Myotis alcathoe | 7 | 7 | 71.43 ± 17.76 | 7 | 14.29 ± 17.76 | 6 | 0 ± 20.05 | |
| Myotis bechsteinii | 23 | 23 | 86.96 ±6.23 | 23 | 39.13 ±10.18 | 9 | 44.44 ±14.45 | |
| Myotis brandtii | 17 | 16 | 68.75 ±8.71 | 17 | 23.53 ±8.24 | 1 | 100 ±48.47 | |
| Myotis dasycneme | 1 | 1 | 100 ±48.47 | 1 | 100 ±48.47 | 1 | 100 ±48.47 | |
| Myotis daubentonii | 33 | 30 | 86.67 ±4.85 | 31 | 51.61 ±8.98 | 14 | 35.71±12.81 | |
| Myotis emarginatus | 33 | 32 | 96.88 ±4.56 | 32 | 43.75 ±8.77 | 5 | 60 ±23 | |
| Myotis myotis | 156 | 150 | 99.33 ±1.01 | 108 | 96.3 ±1.4 | 61 | 73.77 ± 5.63 | |
| Myotis nattereri | 22 | 21 | 95.24 ±6.78 | 22 | 54.55 ±10.62 | 9 | 33.33 ±14.45 | |
| Plecotus auritus | 23 | 23 | 91.3 ± 6.23 | 22 | 68.18 ± 9.93 | 11 | 54.55 ± 12.16 | |
| Plecotus austriacus | 3 | 3 | 66.67 ± 32.22 | 3 | 33.33 ± 32.22 | 1 | 0 ± 48.47 | |
| Rhinolophus hipposideros | 35 | 29 | 79.31 ± 7.52 | 35 | 34.29 ± 8.02 | 8 | 50 ± 15.94 | |
| Total | 374 | 354 | 81.33 ± 2.07 | 321 | 46.84 ± 2.79 | 131 | 55.91 ± 4.34 | |
| Latvia | Eptesicus nilssonii | 4 | 4 | 25 ± 26.89 | 4 | 25 ± 26.89 | 1 | 0 ± 48.47 |
| Myotis brandtii | 4 | 4 | 50 ± 26.89 | 4 | 50 ± 26.89 | 0 | NA ± NA | |
| Myotis dasycneme | 8 | 8 | 100 ± 15.94 | 8 | 100 ± 15.94 | 6 | 50 ± 20.05 | |
| Myotis daubentonii | 9 | 9 | 100 ± 14.45 | 9 | 88.89 ± 14.45 | 6 | 66.67 ± 20.05 | |
| Total | 25 | 25 | 68.75 ± 9.27 | 25 | 65.97 ± 9.48 | 13 | 38.89 ± 13.52 | |
| Russia | Eptesicus nilssonii | 5 | 5 | 100 ± 23 | 5 | 100 ± 23 | 2 | 100 ± 39.61 |
| Myotis brandtii | 9 | 9 | 100 ±14.45 | 9 | 100 ± 14.45 | 2 | 0 ± 39.61 | |
| Myotis dasycneme | 17 | 17 | 100 ±8.24 | 17 | 100 ±8.24 | 12 | 75 ±11.27 | |
| Myotis daubentonii | 1 | 1 | 100 ± 48.47 | 1 | 100 ±48.47 | 0 | NA ± NA | |
| Plecotus auritus | 1 | 1 | 100 ± 48.47 | 1 | 100 ±48.47 | 1 | 100 ± 48.47 | |
| Total | 33 | 33 | 100 ± 4.43 | 33 | 100 ± 4.43 | 17 | 68.75 ± 11.24 | |
| USA | Myotis lucifugus | 10 | 0 | NA±NA | 10 | 100 ±13.21 | 10 | 100 ±13.21 |
| Total | 10 | 0 | NA ± NA | 10 | 100 ± 13.21 | 10 | 100 ± 13.21 | |
Screened = number of bats captured and examined by PCR (to detect the pathogen), UV light trans-illumination or histopathology (to detect WNS lesions). + = percentage of positive bats from the number screened by the method. NA = not available. Samples subjected for histopathology examination were suspect lesions selected under field conditions based on UV trans-illumination and thus prevalence on histopathology is not based on a randomized sample. It rather reflects qualitative information that WNS was confirmed in the species with histopathology.