Table I.
Foreign body (FB) types and anatomical location. For FB type, only the three objects most frequently retrieved are reported.
| Source | Year | Study Type | Country | No. of cases/ No. of included studies |
FB anatomical location | FB type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Šlapák et al. 12 | 2012 | Prospective study (Susy Safe's data analysis) | Both EU and non-EU countries | 10,564 cases for which the FB type was specified. Analyses were performed on the 7,820 (74%) injuries due to a non-food item | 37% Nose 29% Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach 24% Ear 6% Pharynx and Larynx 4% Trachea, Bronchi and Lungs | 22% Pearl, Ball, Marble 20% Coin 8% Other non-food |
| Sebastian van As et al. 19 | 2012 | Prospective study (Susy Safe's data analysis) | Both EU and non-EU countries | 10,564 cases for which the FB type was specified. Analyses were performed on the 2744 (26%) injuries due to a food item | 50% Trachea, Bronchi and Lungs 19% Nose 16% Pharynx and Larynx 8% Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach 7% Ear | 32% Bone 22% Nut 21% Other food |
| Chinski et al. 16 | 2010 | Prospective study | Argentine | 320 cases | Oesophagus | 268 Coins 15 Bones 15 Plastic pieces |
| Rybojad et al. 14 | 2012 | Retrospective study | Poland | 192 cases were reviewed, a FB was retrieved in 163 cases | Oesophagus | 54% Coins 19% Food fragments 7% Toy parts |
| Jayachandra et al. 13 | 2013 | Systematic review | 17 articles, corresponding to 5,559 cases | Digestive tract | 2 studies analysed exclusively coins ingestion. Among the other 15 studies, 10 reported coins as the objects most frequently ingested | |
| Sarafoleanu et al. 15 | 2012 | Retrospective study | Romania | 455 cases | 44.62% Nose 24.18% Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach 14.73% Trachea, Bronchi and Lungs 12.75% Ears 3.74% Pharynx and Larynx | 23.96% Nuts and Seeds (50.46% were aspirated) 12.75% Marbles 12.53% Coins (96.49% were ingested) |
| Oncel et al. 20 | 2012 | Retrospective study | Turkey | 184 cases | Airways | 45% Sunflower seeds 26% Pistachio 11% Hazelnut |
| Göktas et al. 21 | 2010 | Retrospective study | Germany | 78 cases | Airways | 69.2% Seeds, nuts, berries and grains 15.4% Other types of food |
| Brkic et al. 7 | 2007 | Retrospective study | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 662 cases | 84% Bronchi 14.3% Trachea and Larynx | 87.1% Organic objects |
| Foltran et al. 8 | 2012 | Meta-analysis | 174 articles, corresponding to 30,477 cases | Airways | 6504 Nut 5553 Organic unspecified 3678 Seeds | |
| Foltran et al. 18 | 2012 | Prospective study (Susy Safe's data analysis) | Both EU and non-EU countries | 10,564 cases for which the FB type was specified. Analyses were performed on the 441 (2.6%) injuries due to toys | 75% Nose 13% Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach 9% Trachea, Bronchi and Lungs 4% Pharynx and Larynx | Toys |
| Foltran et al. 17 | 2011 | EFSBI (European Survey on Foreign Bodies Injuries), retrospective study | 19 European countries | 2,094 cases. Analyses were performed on the 121 (5.8%) injuries due to toys | 74% Nose 13% Trachea, Bronchi and Lungs 7% Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach 6% Pharynx and Larynx | 29 (31%) Toy 17 (18%) Part of a toy 16 (17%) Lego® type toys |