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. 2016 Jan 29;3:1. doi: 10.1186/s40734-016-0029-8

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© Yoshii et al. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Schematic representation of body angles. In lateral view photographs (left), NF (neck flexion) angle was defined as the angle between two intersecting lines: a line connecting the external acoustic foramen and the acromion, and another line connecting the acromion and the greater trochanter. Similarly, FB (fore-bent) angle was defined as the angle between a vertical line and the line connecting the acromion with the greater trochanter. KB (knee-bent) angle was defined as the angle between the line connecting the greater trochanter and knee, and the line connecting knee and lateral malleolus. In back view photographs (right), LB (lateral-bent) angle was defined as the angle between a vertical line and the line connecting the posterior process of the seventh cervical vertebra with that of the fifth lumbar vertebra